Hippocampus cell proliferation

Malberg, J.E., Duman, R.S. (2003). Cell proliferation in adult hippocampus is decreased by inescapable stress reversal by fluoxetine treatment. Neuropsychopharmacology, 28, 1562-71. 

Brundege JM, Diao L, Proctor WR, Dunwiddie TV (1997) The role of cyclic AMP as a precursor of extracellular adenosine in the rat hippocampus. Neuropharmacology 36(9) 1201-1210 Carmeliet P, Dor Y, Herbert JM, Fukumura D, Brusselmans K, Dewerchin M, Neeman M, Bono F, Abramovitch R, Maxwell P, Koch CJ, Ratcliffe P, Moons L, Jain RK, Collen D, Keshert E (1998) HIF-lalphain hypoxia-mediated apoptosis, cell proliferation and tumour angiogenesis. Nature 394(6692) 485 190... 

While all of the above-mentioned studies were performed using adult models, the effects of focal ischemia on SVZ or SGZ precursor cells were also investigated in neonatal animals. Unilateral hypoxic-ischemic injury elicited an increase of BrdU+ cells in ipsilateral hippocampus, mainly DG, and the number of BrdU+ neuronal cells was also increased in DG, while the number of oligodendrocytes decreased (Bartley et al. 2005). Ischemia also upregulated progenitor cell proliferation in neonatal SVZ, peri-infarct striatum (Plane et al. 2004), and cortex (Fagel et al. 

The hippocampal formation includes DG, the hippocampus proper including CA1 -CA4 sectors (Lorente de No 1934) and the subiculum (van Hoesen 1982). Based on previous publications on postischemic cell proliferation in the rodent brain (e.g., Liu et al. 1998 Nakatomi et al. 2002), at first we focused our attention on DG and hippocampus proper. 

Kornack DR, Rakic P (1999) Continuation of neurogenesis in the hippocampus of the adult macaque monkey. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96 5768-5773 Kornack DR, Rakic P (2001a) The generation, migration, and differentiation of olfactory neurons in the adult primate brain. Proc Nad Acad Sci USA 98 4752-4757 Kornack DR, Rakic P (2001b) Cell proliferation without neurogenesis in adult primate neocortex. Science 294 2127-2130... 

Sehara, Y., Hayashi, T., Deguchi, K., Zhang, H., Tsuchiya, A., Yamashita, T., Lukic, V., Nagai, M., Kamiya, T., and Abe, K. (2007). G-CSF enhances stem cell proliferation in rat hippocampus after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Neurosci. Lett. 418, 248—252. 

Bai F, Bergeron M, Nelson DL (2003) Chronic AMPA receptor potentiator (LY451646) treatment increases cell proliferation in adult rat hippocampus. Neuropharmacology 44 1013-1021. 

Eisch, Ncstler, Duman, 2000 Santarclli et al., 2003) has demonstrated that antidepressant treatment increases neurogenesis, or new cell growth, in the hippocampus. This neurogenesis may block or reverse the effects of depression on hippocampal neurons. Further, the new cell growth appears to take several weeks to occur, and this may account for the fact that antidepressant medications typically take several weeks to exert their action. The findings suggest that increased cell proliferation and increased neuronal number may be a mechanism by which antidepressant treatment overcomes the atrophy and loss of hippocampal neurons associated with depression. 

Yoshimizu, T. and Chaki, S. (2004) Increased cell proliferation in the adult mouse hippocampus following chronic administration of group II metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist, MGS0039. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Commununications, 315, 493 196. 

Chang, et al. reported that proliferation of thymocytes could be promoted by the supernatant from cultured rat hippocampus cells, and proliferation of the lymphocytes could be enhanced by injection of Panax quinquefolium saponin into the hippocampus[42]. 

Figure 1. Effects of hypo- (Ho) and hyperthyroidism (Hr) on granule cell genesis (time of origin) in the rat hippocampus. Cells were labelled with H-thymidine (6.7 Ci/mM, 10 uCi/g bw) on the days indicated and animals were allowed to survive to 60 days of age prior to sacrifice. Heavily labelled cells (HL) are assumed to have stopped proliferating on the day of thymidine injection since they have not undergone label dilution. Animals were made Ho and Hr as described in the text. Counts of HL and total cells (TC) were made in the dentate gyrus using matched horizontal sections. Data are...

Jung H, Toth PT, White PA, Miller RJ (2008) Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 functions as a neuromodulator in dorsal root ganglia neurons. J Neurochem 104 254-263 Kahn L, Alonso G, Normand E, Manzoni OJ (2005) Repeated morphine treatment alters polysia-lylated neural cell adhesion molecule, glutamate decarboxylase-67 expression and ceU proliferation in the adult rat hippocampus. Em J Nemosci 21 493-500 Kaul M, Ma Q, Medders KE, Desai MK, Lipton SA (2007) HIV-1 coreceptors CCR5 and CXCR4 both mediate neuronal cell death but CCR5 paradoxically can also contribute to protection. Cell Death Differ (2) 296-305... 

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