High-performance liquid chromatography phenols

For selective estimation of phenols pollution of environment such chromatographic methods as gas chromatography with flame-ionization detector (ISO method 8165) and high performance liquid chromatography with UV-detector (EPA method 625) is recommended. For determination of phenol, cresols, chlorophenols in environmental samples application of HPLC with amperometric detector is perspective. Phenols and chlorophenols can be easy oxidized and determined with high sensitivity on carbon-glass electrode. 

More recently, the reaction advancement of resole syntheses (pH = 8 and 60°C) was monitored using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 13C NMR, and chemical assays.55,56 The disappearance of phenol and the appearances of various hydroxymethyl-substituted phenolic monomers and dimers have been measured. By assessing the residual monomer as a function of reaction time, this work also demonstrated the unusually high reactivity of 2,6-dihydroxymethyl-phenol. The rate constants for phenolic monomers toward formaldehyde substitution have been measured (Table 7.6). 

CALDWELL c R (2001) Oxygen radical absorbance capacity of the phenolic compounds in plant extracts fractionated by high-performance liquid chromatography, ,4Biochem, 293, 232-8. 

Paganga, G. et al.. The polyphenolic content of fruit and vegetables and their antioxidant activities what does a serving constitute Free Radical Res., 30, 153, 1999. Maatta, K.R. et al.. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of phenolic compounds in berries with diode array and electrospray ionization mass spectrometric (MS) detection Rihes species, J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 6736, 2003. 

Y.Y. Soong and P.J. Barlow, Isolation and structure elucidation of phenolic compounds from longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) seed by high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr. A, 1085, 270 277 (2005). 

HPLC) for phenolic acids analysis. When procedure (ii) was applied, the ion-exchange resin was separated from the methanol phase and eluted with three 40 ml aliquots of 80% methanol. The resin bead eluates were evaporated to dryness and subjected to spectrophotometry (Shimadzu UV 160 spectrophotometer) for total phenolics and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for phenolic acids analysis. 

Aaby K, Hvattum E and Skrede G. 2004. Analysis of flavonoids and other phenolic compounds using high-performance liquid chromatography with coulometric array detection relationship to antioxidant... 

Betes-Saura C, Andres-Lacueva C and Lamuela-Raventos RM. 1996. Phenolics in white free-run juice and wines from Penedes by high-performance liquid chromatography changes during vinification. J Agric Food Chem 44(10) 3040-3046. 

Chen H, Zuo Y and Deng Y. 2001. Separation and determination of flavonoids and other phenolic compounds in cranberry juice by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 913( 1—2) 387—395. 

Im HW, Suh BS, Lee SU, Kozukue N, Ohnisi-Kameyama M, Levin CE and Friedman M. 2008. Analysis of phenolic compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry in potato plant flowers, leaves, stems, and tubers and in home-processed potatoes. J Agric Food Chem 56(9) 3341-3349. 

Revilla E and Ryan JM. 2000. Analysis of several phenolic compounds with potential antioxidant properties in grape extracts and wines by high-performance liquid chromatography—photodiode array detection without sample preparation. J Chromatogr 881(1-2) 461 169. 

PEPPERMINT PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS SEPARATED BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (RT1 AND RT2 = RETENTION TIMES IN MIN MEASURED IN GRADIENTS 1 AND 2)... 

A. Escarpa and M.C. Gonzalez, High performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection for the determination of phenolic compounds in peel and pulp from different apple varieties. J. Chromatogr.A 823 (1998) 331-337. 

G. Shui and L.P. Leong, Separation and determination of organic acids and phenolic compounds in fruit juices and drinks by high-performance liquid chromatography. J. Chromatogr.A 977 (2002) 89-96. 

M. Lopez, F. Martinez, C. Del Valle, C. Orte and M. Miro, Analysis of phenolic constituents of biological interest in red wines by high-performance liquid chromatography. J. ChromatogrA 922 (2001) 359-363. 

M. Castellari, E. Sartini, A. Fabiani, G. Arfelli and A.Amati, Analysis of wine phenolics by high-performance liquid chromatography using a monolithic type column. J. Chromatogr.A 973 (2002) 221-227. 

Achilli G, Cellerino GP, d Eril GM, et al. 1995. Simultaneous determination of 27 phenols and herbicides in water by high-performance liquid chromatography with multi-electrode electrochemical detection. J Chromatogr 697 357-362. 

KuwataK, Uebori M, Yamazaki Y. 1980. Determination of phenol in polluted air as p-nitrobenzeneazophenol derivative by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. Anal Chem 52 857-860. 

Tesarova E, Packova V. 1983. Gas and high performance liquid chromatography of phenols. Chromatographia 17 269-284. 

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques are widely used for separation of phenolic compounds. Both reverse- and normal-phase HPLC methods have been used to separate and quantify PAs but have enjoyed only limited success. In reverse-phase HPLC, PAs smaller than trimers are well separated, while higher oligomers and polymers are co-eluted as a broad unresolved peak [8,13,37]. For our reverse-phase analyses, HPLC separation was achieved using a reverse phase. Cl8, 5 (Jtm 4.6 X 250 mm column (J. T. Baker, http //www.mallbaker.com/). Samples were eluted with a water/acetonitrile gradient, 95 5 to 30 70 in 65 min, at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. The water was adjusted with acetic acid to a final concentration of 0.1%. All mass spectra were acquired using a Bruker Esquire LC-MS equipped with an electrospray ionization source in the positive mode. 

PfO Eight phenolic compounds. .. were... obtained by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, and their structures were elucidated by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry analyses. (Adapted from Ey et ah, 2006)... 

Czuczwa J, Levenberger C, Tremp J, Giger W. 1987. Determination of tracelevels of phenol and cresols in rain by continuous liquid-liquid extractionand high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr 403 233- 241. 

Murray KE, Adams RF. 1988. Determination of simple phenols in feces and urine by high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr Biomed Appl 431(1) 143-149. 

In earlier times, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), polyamide chromatography, and paper electrophoresis were the major separation techniques for phenolics. Of these methods, TLC is still the workhorse of flavonoid analysis. It is used as a rapid, simple, and versatile method for following polyphenolics in plant extracts and in fractionation work. However, the majority of published work now refers to qualitative and quantitative applications of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for analysis. Llavonoids can be separated. 

Hostettmann, K. et al., On-line high-performance liquid chromatography ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy of phenolic compounds in plant extracts using post-column derivatization, J. Chromatogr., 283, 137, 1984. 

Slimestad, R. and Hostettmann, K., Characterization of phenolic constituents from juvenile and mature needles of Norway spruce by means of high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, Phytochem. Anal, 7, 42, 1996. 

Valles, B.S. et al., High-performance liquid chromatography of the neutral phenolic compounds of low molecular weight in apple juice, J. Agric. Food Chem., 42, 2732, 1994. 

Schieber, A., Keller, P., and Carle, R., Determination of phenolic acids and flavonoids of apple and pear by high-performance liquid chromatography, J. Chromatogr. A, 910, 265, 2001. 

Salagoity-Auguste, M.H. and Bertrand, A., Wine phenolics — analysis of low molecular weight components by high performance liquid chromatography, J. Set Food Agric., 35, 1241, 1984. 

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