High cholesterol

The first application of the Gaussian distribution is in medical decision making or diagnosis. We wish to determine whether a patient is at risk because of the high cholesterol content of his blood. We need several pieces of input information an expected or normal blood cholesterol, the standard deviation associated with the normal blood cholesterol count, and the blood cholesterol count of the patient. When we apply our analysis, we shall anive at a diagnosis, either yes or no, the patient is at risk or is not at risk. 

Degradation of HMG-CoA reductase. This enzyme has a half-life of only three hours, and the half-life itself depends on cholesterol levels high [cholesterol] means a short half-life for HMG-CoA reductase. 

For ISIS 301012, a second-generation antisense inhibitor of apoB-100 in November 2006. Isis announced results from two Phase 2 clinical trials of ISIS 301012. In the first study repotted, patients with high cholesterol on stable doses of statins were treated with ISIS 301012 for 5 weeks. Patients who received 300 mg/week of ISIS 301012 in this study achieved a 51% reduction in LDL-cholesterol (LDL), a 42% reduction in total cholesterol (TC), and a 4l% reduction in triglycerides (TG) beyond the levels achieved with statins alone. 

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is characterized by the involvement of the heart and allied vascular system. High cholesterol, associated lipid abnormahties and high blood pressure are recognized as the major risk factors of CVD. There have been several animal experiments and clinical studies using rice bran and rice bran oil, which have demonstrated a hypocholesterolemic effect (Raghuram et al., 1989 Rukmini and Raghuram, 1991 Sugano and Tsuji, 1997). The mechanisms involved are briefly summarized. 

Patients presenting with a total cholesterol level exceeding 200 mg/dl (5.18 mmol/L) or LDL cholesterol exceeding 100 mg/dL (2.59 mmol/L) should be evaluated for high cholesterol. 

Children between 2 and 20 years old should be screened for high cholesterol if their parents have premature CHD or if one of their parents has a total cholesterol greater than 240 mg/dL (6.22 mmol/L). Early screening will help to identify children at highest risk of developing CHD in whom early education and dietary intervention is warranted. 

Increased CCL2 has been detected in macrophage-rich human atherosclerotic lesions (26) and in the blood of patients with acute coronary syndrome (implying an unstable plaque) (27,28). It is found in the arteries of primates on a high-cholesterol diet (29) and is upregulated in vascular endothelial cells and... 

High cholesterol (overweight individuals often have higher levels of bad cholesterol and lower levels of good cholesterol) ... 

Figure 5.1 When people are obese, there are a number of concerns that are more serious than just looking large on the outside. On the inside, many of the body s organs are affected due to increased weight, some of which are illustrated here. Being overweight can also lead to high blood pressure and high cholesterol, both of which can cause someone to have a heart attack or stroke.

Cholesterol s presence in liposome membranes has the effect of decreasing or even abolishing (at high cholesterol concentrations) the phase transition from the gel state to the fluid or liquid crystal state that occurs with increasing temperature. It also can modulate the permeability and fluidity of the associated membrane—increasing both parameters at temperatures below the phase transition point and decreasing both above the phase transition temperature. Most liposomal recipes include cholesterol as an integral component in membrane construction. 

Monounsaturated fats in avocados have been shown to reduce blood cholesterol while preserving the level of high-density lipoproteins (Yahia 2009b). An avocado-enriched diet produced a significant reduction in LDL and total cholesterol in patients with high cholesterol levels, whereas diets enriched with soy and sunflower did not change the total cholesterol concentrations (Carranza and others 1997). 

Isis Pharmaceuticals ISIS 301012 ApoB High cholesterol Phase II... 

The receptor may recycle to the surface, the LDL is degraded, and cholesterol is released into the cell. Expression of the gene for LDL receptors (apoB-100 receptor) is r ulated by the cholesterol level within the cell. High cholesterol decreases expression of this gene. 

APOE-4 may affect AD risk by conferring high cholesterol levels and thereby increasing ABP production (592). APOE-4 carriers with AD have increased levels of brain and CSF ABP and have more extensive plaque pathology (593,594) ... 

Levin-AUerhand, J.A., Lominska, C.E., Smith, J.D. (2002) Increased amyloid-beta levels in APPSWE transgenic mice treated chronically with a physiological high-fat high-cholesterol diet. J. Nutr. Health Aging, 6, 315-319. 

The risk factors for vascular dementia are essentially the same as those for stroke and heart attack. They include high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes mellitus, sickle cell disease, obesity, smoking, alcohol use, depression, and high cholesterol levels. 

Lipitor (Parke-Davis) Atorvastatin 48.8 High cholesterol... 

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