Hepatica

Leber-, hepatic, -blende,/, reniform sphalerite, -blume,/., -bliimchen, n. hepatica, liverwort. 

Bozas, S.E., Panaccio, M., Creaney, J., Dosen, M., Parsons, J.C., Vlasuk, G.V., Walker, I.D. and Spithill, T.W. (1995) Characterisation of a novel Kunitz-type molecule from the trematode Fasciola hepatica. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 74, 19-29. 

Dalton, J.P., McGonigle, S., Rolph, T.P. and Andrews, S.J. (1996) Induction of protective immunity in cattle against infection with Fasciola hepatica by vaccination with cathepsin L proteases and haemoglobin. Infection and Immunity 64, 5066-5074. 

Diaz, F. and Komuniecki, R.W. (1996) Characterization of the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex from Fasciola hepatica potential implications for the role of calcium in the regulation of helminth mitochondrial metabolism. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 81,243—246. 

Organic and low input farmers who are dependent on anthelmintics should optimise the benefit of these treatments by monitoring levels of infestation on their farms. By minimising treatment frequency, optimal timing of the treatments should result in a parasitological status that is both tolerable for herd health and also economically justified. With the exception of the large liver fluke, F. hepatica, the parasites treated in this chapter should therefore not be controlled on the basis of a standardised schedule, which most likely leads to excessive use of anthelmintics. 

Aloe is an example of a yellow-coloured natural plant juice that was used as yellow pigment or glaze. The GALDI mass spectrum of Aloe hepatica, a historic sample from the... 

Christian, F.A., T. Tesfamichael, and T. Tate. 1985. Long-term effects of dinoseb and paraquat, both individually and combined, on embryonic development and hatching success of Fasciola hepatica miracidia. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 14 149-152. 

Mansour, T. E., Sutherland, E. W., Rail, T. W., and Bueding, E. (1960) The effect of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) on the formation of adenosine 3, 5 -phosphate by tissue particles from the liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica. J. Biol. Chem., 235 466-470. 

Bartlet AL. 1976. Actions of carbon tetrachloride, hexachloroethane and the products of their metabolism in sheep on fasciola hepatica. Br J Pharmacol 58 395-400. 

The molluscicidal activity of imidazo[2,l-/][l,3,4]thiadiazoles and imidazo[2,l-/][l,3,4]oxadiazoles, such as compounds 112 and 109 (Figure 25), have been evaluated against the snail Lymnaea acumiata, which is a vector of the giant liver flukes, Fasciola gigantica and Fasciola hepatica <2004IJC(B)901>. 

Fascioliasis (Sheep liver fluke) Fasciola hepatica Praziquantel or Bithionol-... 

Praziquantel is the agent of choice against all trema-todes apart from Fasciola hepatica where bithionol is the drug of first choice. It is also an anticestodal agent and, as also niclosamide, is a first choice drug for intestinal tapeworm infestations by Taenia solum (pork tapeworm), Taenia saginata (beef tapeworm), Taenia latum (fish tapeworm) and Hymenolepis nana (dwarf tapeworm) and it is a second choice drug af-... 

Several benzimidazoles are in use for the treatment of helminthic infections. Three of these, mebendazole, thiabendazole and albendazole, are described in this section. They have a broad range of activity against many nematode and cestode parasites, including cutaneous larva migrans, trichinosis, disseminated strongyloidiasis, and visceral larva migrans. A fourth, triclabendazole, is considered as the drug of choice for Easciola hepatica therapy. 

Bithionol is used in treatment of F. hepatica infections and as an alternative to praziquantel in the treatment of infestation by P. westermani. It is highly active against the adult worm but exerts no action against the migratory stages. A second course of treatment is required for complete cure in 20 to 30% of patients. 

Graham CS, Brodie SB, and Weller PF. Imported Fasciola hepatica infection in the United States and treatment with triclabendazole. Clin Infect Dis 2001 33 1-5. 

Kraut, L. et al., Flavonoids from some Frullania species (Hepaticae), Z. Naturforsch. C, 50, 345, 1995. 

Liver fluke. Fasciola hepatica Egg through miracidium... 

---