HAZOPS Hazard and operability

A HAZOP (Hazard and Operability Study) involves a fonual review of proeess and instrumentation diagrams by a speeialist team using a stmetured teehnique, based upon key words. These eomprise property words and guide words , e.g. as in Table 12.4. 

Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment. Before a new or revised process is cleared for pilot and—later on—industrial-scale production, it has to pass a detailed, standardized HAZOP (hazard and operability)... 

Identifying the potential hazards (PHA, process hazard analysis, or HAZOP, hazard and operability analysis) during operation must be done from a wide-angle approach dangerous situations can occur due to many root-cause situations other than those specified by, for instance, ASME or PED. Based on the results of the risk assessment, the pressure equipment can be correctly designed and the most effective safety system selected. 

The point, however, is that an SRV should never be installed if there is a doubt about its suitability for the service. If the customer s HAZOP (hazard and operability) review shows some potential for blockage (caused by dirt, polymerization, hydrates formation, etc.), then the valve selected for installation should be such that it can still operate properly under these conditions. 

The HAZOP Study is a very popular predictive method which was developed in the Mond Division of Imperial Chemical Industries during the 1960s. A HAZOP (Hazard and Operability) study is an analysis method for identifying hazards and problems which prevent efficient operation. Trevor Kletz was an early promoter of the HAZOP Method and in one of his recent books [18], he states ... 

Formal safety reviews such as Hazops (Hazard and Operability reviews) may be required during the design of a new facility or the modification of an existing plant. It is recommended that specialist help be sought in carry-... 

This publication is intended to provide guidance to HAZOP (Hazard and Operability) and What-If review teams associated with the petroleum and chemical industries. It describes the nature, responsibilities, methods and documentation required in the performance of such reviews. 

During the 1960s, ICl developed the HAZOP (Hazard and Operability) process to identify hazards in chemical plant design. The HAZOP process is now well established, and was successfully... 

As described earlier, a HAZOP hazard and operability study) is a technique used to identify process hazards and obstacles to the efficient operation of industrial facilities. It provides a systematic approach to quantifying hazard potentials. A HAZAN hazard analysis) is a technique for quantitative evaluation after a serious hazard has been identified or after an accident has occurred. 

Prior to stan-up of i production campaign, a process hazards analysis (PHA) should be conducted. A common and generally accepted PHA technique is the HAZOP (Hazard and Operability) method, although alternate teehniques can he equally effective 113.14,l.s, The purpose of the PHA is to evaluate the maiuiltictiiring prtteess to identity aiul address potential safely issues prior to start-up. 

Although companies in the process industries have always worked on the identification and control of hazards, the formal discipline of PHA, specifically the HAZOP (Hazard and Operability) method, was not developed until the 1960s by process plant professionals in the United Kingdom, many of whom worked for the company ICI (Lawley, 1976 Knowlton, 1992 Kletz, 1997). More recent guidance is provided in ISO 17776 (2000). 

HAZOP (Hazards and Operability study)— program/activity... 

There are many different methodologies under the Process Hazards Analysis (PHA) umbrella. Depending on the goals of the study and the time available, one of several different studies would be completed. One of the most comprehensive PHAs is a HAZOP (Hazards and Operability Study), which identifies operability problems as well as hazards to personnel, company property, and the environment. 

All employed dryers must be equipped with clear and comprehensive operating manuals prepared jointly by the equipment supplier and the plant operating management. The manual should be learned by the operators, who are to be trained in recognition of hazardous situations and risk assessment with the material being dried. Very useful techniques, known as Hazop (hazard and operability studies) and Kazan (hazard analysis), may be applied successfully in both new and existing processing plants [39,40]. 

XI. Preliminary Process Safety Studies A simple what-if study is generally performed to identify major safety concerns, if any, with the project scope. FMEA (failure modes and effects analysis) or HAZOP (Hazard and operability) study can also be performed if sufficient design documents are available. Otherwise, these detailed studies will be conducted in FEED. Necessary changes are made to the project scope for mitigating any significant process safety concerns. 

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