Hazardous quantities

When antifreeze becomes unsuitable for use, either because of depletion of inhibitors, presence of corrosion products or corrosive ions, or degradation of the fluid, recycling and reuse of the antifreeze, rather than disposal, may be considered. Although ethylene glycol is readily biodegraded in typical municipal waste treatment faciHties, antifreeze disposal becomes problematic because the coolant may contain hazardous quantities of heavy metals picked up from the cooling system. Recycling may be economically preferred over coolant disposal and reduces the concern for environmental impact. 

The chemistry of side reactions and by-products may also offer opportunities for increasing the inherent safety of a process. For example, a process involving a caustic hydrolysis step uses ethylene dichloride (EDC 1,2-dichloroethane) as a solvent. Under the reaction conditions a side reaction between sodium hydroxide and EDC produces small but hazardous quantities of vinyl chloride ... 

The chemical companies maintain chemical properties sheets including hazardous quantities. A general listing of companies on the Internet can be reached at web site http //www.neis.com/chemical companies.htmI. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services publishes the NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, available from NIOSH Publications Mail Stop C-13,4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-1998, phone 1-800-35-NIOSH or on the Internet http //www.cds.gov/niosh/homepage.html. 

Mond Index Material factor Special material hazards General process hazards Special process hazards Quantity factor Layout hazards Toxicity hazards... 

Containers of dibutyl ether, which have been opened and are more than 1 year old, may contain hazardous quantities of peroxides. Especially if they have screw caps, containers should not be opened, and should be disposed of by the appropriate authorities. When the container can be opened safely, check for peroxides as follows Wear butyl rubber gloves, laboratory coat, and eye protection. Work in the fume hood. Dissolve 100 mg of potassium iodide in 1 mL of glacial acetic acid. Add to 1 mL of the dibutyl ether. A pale yellow color indicates a low concentration (0.001-0.005%) and a bright yellow or brown color a high concentration (above 0.01% and hazardous) of peroxide in the sample.9... 

Group E dusts may be present in hazardous quantities. Group E dusts include combustible metal dusts, including aluminum, magnesium, and their commercial alloys, or other combustible dusts whose particle size, abrasiveness, and conductivity present similar hazards in the use of electrical equipment. The NEC does not recognize any Division 2 areas for such dusts. 

Chemical hazards Quantity transported per container Number of shipments or campaigns Mode of transit Proximity to people... 

Potentially hazardous quantities ot radioactive material are handled in this area... 

Bromine also can be removed from the chlorine gas after the cells. This is done by partial condensation in a process that also serves to chill the gas before compression. Section 9.1.6.4A on chlorine processing describes the use of compressor suction chillers to remove high boilers including bromine from the gas. It also warns of the danger of accumulation of hazardous quantities of NCI3. 

The site arrangement should isolate hazardous materials and operations from non-hazardous activities. As few people as possible should have exposure to any hazard. (Quantities of materials, particularly those with high energy content, should... 

In addition to the chemical exposure, fire, and explosion, the various factors considered in the Mond Index are the material factor and its associated hazards, process hazard, quantity hazard, layout hazard, and toxicity hazard. The material factor relates to the type of materials, their flash point, explosive limits, etc., the nature of the process, and the process s inherent safety. The... 

Note to the definition of immediately dangerous to life or health Some materials—hydrogen fluoride gas and cadmium vapor, for example—may produce immediate transient effects that, even if severe, may pass without medical attention, but are followed by sudden, possibly fatal collapse 12-72 hours after exposure. The victim feels normal from recovery from transient effects until collapse. Such materials in hazardous quantities are considered to be immediately dangerous to life or health. 

Because TAML activators convert the relatively innocuous hydrogen peroxide into a much more efficient and potent oxidant, there will be fewer instances, where chlorine-based agents are required. In turn, this will reduce the chances that hazardous quantities of chlorine gas, liquids, or chlorinated waste could pose a threat to public health and safety. 

Combustible fibers and flyings not expected to be suspended in hazardous quantities in the air such as in storage and handling (not manufacturing) facilities. 

Provide a description of the waste, hazard, quantity, and the type of container in which it is stored. 

On job sites where flammable or noxious gases are encountered or anticipated in hazardous quantities, rescue team members shall practice donning and using self-contained breathing apparatus monthly. 

Electrical Classification. In those areas of the plant where a hazardous quantity of dust accumulates or is suspended in the air, the area should be classified and all electrical equipment and installations in those areas should comply with Article 502 or Article 503 of NFPA 70, the National Electrical Code,... 

An emergency fire and evacuation procedure must be produced for every contract the procedure will be continuously reviewed and updated as required. Emergency evacuation drills must be devised and practised. Exit routes must be clear of obstructions. Hot work must be strictly controlled, and work areas inspected 30 minutes after completion of the work to check for possible fire hazards. All work areas and site buildings must be inspected on completion of works for potential fire hazards. Quantities of highly flammable liquids and LPG within work areas must be restricted and suitable storage facilities provided. Records must be maintained of routine fire inspections and the maintenance and testing of fire fighting equipment. 

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