Noxious gas

Aluminum nitrate proved to be the best Al precursor in the sol-gel process. Using it resulted in one of the greatest Al incorporations, its application was very easy, a washing step and catalysis were not needed, and the gel samples obtained aged very slowly. The new sol-gel method provides aluminosilicate materials with new structures (e.g. fractals) and new properties (e.g. piezoelectricity or a wide range of variable porosity). The disadvantage of the use of aluminum nitrate is the release of nitrous gases noxious to the environment. 

Gas, Noxious. Any poisonous (toxic) gas or a gas with strong unpleasant odor Ref Hackh s Diet (1944), 368-R... 

See kinetic theory compressed gas noxious gas noble gas vapor. 

CAUTION Methylamine is a poisonous, noxious inflammable gas. It has a strong ammonia/rotting fish-like odor. It s not as bad as Chlorine gas, though, which can be produced if one is careless in the beginningl... 

The gas streams produced during petroleum refining usually contain many noxious constituents that have an adverse effect on the use of the gas for other purposes, eg, as a fuel or as a petrochemical feedstock, and some degree of cleaning is required (29). 

Scbwaden, m. noxious vapor or exhalation, damp specif., choke damp gas cloud smoke cloud swath. — feurlger —, fire damp. 

Natural gas will continue to be substituted for oil and coal as primary energy source in order to reduce emissions of noxious combustion products particulates (soot), unburned hydrocarbons, dioxins, sulfur and nitrogen oxides (sources of acid rain and snow), and toxic carbon monoxide, as well as carbon dioxide, which is believed to be the chief greenhouse gas responsible for global warming. Policy implemented to curtail carbon emissions based on the perceived threat could dramatically accelerate the switch to natural gas. 

The combustion of gas produces little in the way of noxious substances. Ideal combustion will produce only water vapor, carbon dioxide and nitrogen. In practice, there may well be very small amounts of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons, notably methane. 

UK legislation referring to emissions from gas-fired plant is currently rather limited. The most important is The Health and Safety (Emissions into the Atmosphere) Regulations 1983 (SI No. 943, 1983). In Schedule 2 is listed substances deemed to be noxious, which include combustion products, dust, etc. 

The rate of chlorite bleaching increases as pH decreases, but only between pH 2 and 9 is the rate proportional to the concentration of chlorous acid present in solution. At low pH values, evolution of the noxious and corrosive gas chlorine dioxide increases. In practice it is necessary to keep the pH above 3 in order to minimise the formation of chlorine dioxide. It is necessary to monitor the pH during chlorite bleaching because acid is liberated by the... 

For some applications, an adsorbent may be impregnated with a material that enhances its contaminant-removal ability. The improved effectiveness may be related to any of several mechanisms. The impregnating material may react with the vapor contaminant to form a compound or complex that remains on the adsorbent surface. Some impregnants react with the contaminant, or catalyze reactions of the contaminant with other gas constituents, to form less noxious vapor-phase substances. In some instances, the impregnant acts as a catalyst intermittently, for example, under regeneration conditions. In this case, the contaminant is adsorbed by physical adsorption and destroyed by a catalytic reaction during regeneration. 

Reactions of cell growth or those using immobilized enzymes are instances of gas-liquid-solid reactions. In principle, accordingly, any of the types of reactors described in Section 8.3 could be employed as fermentors. Mostly, however, mechanically agitated tanks are the type adopted. Aeration supplies additional agitation as well as metabolic need, and moreover sweeps away C02 and noxious byproducts. 

Fluidized-bed combustion uses air-classified municipal solid residues to provide heat for a conventional gas turbine to produce power. Several stages of cyclone separators are also used to remove particulates from the gas prior to its expansion through the turbines. An advantage of the process is reduction of noxious gas emission. 

We refer here to the analysis reported in the E UCAR website extended to an ideal electric powertrain [7]. The results for a 100 km drive in NDEC cycles reported in Figure 4.2a show that, independently of where the electricity is produced, the electric powertrain is associated with radical primary energy savings, similarly, and consequently, to radical control of noxious and greenhouse gas emissions (Figure 4.2b). 

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