Hazardous Materials Regulatory

The responsibility of chemical process managers for preventing air, water, and soil pollution has indirectly influenced plant safety by requiring better control of plant processes to prevent releases of hazardous materials. Regulatory legislation was introduced by the Health, Education, and Welfare Department (Health and Human Services) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to require (/) improvements in air quality (1955 Air Pollution Act ... 

The decade of the 1970s was marked by significant changes in both the nature and scope of the Department of Transportation s hazardous materials regulatory program. While an extensive discussion of each of these developments is beyond the scope of this chapter, the following overview of the major... 

CONCEPTUAL OVERVIEW OF COMPLIANCE WITH THE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS REGULATORY PROGRAM... 

National Transportation Safety Board. (1981). Safety Report Status of Department of Transportation s Hazardous Materials Regulatory Program. Report NTSB-SR-81-2. Washington D.C. U.S. Government Printing Office. 

Have allegations been made by a regulatory agency or third party that releases of hazardous materials from the facility (for example, the facility releases contaminants to nearby wells) harmed or threatened to harm persons, property or the environment If yes, explain. 

In this book we will eoneentrate on governmental regulations as they relate to hazardous waste or other hazardous materials, how to eomply with speeifie requirements, and other best management praetiees (BMPs). We will foeus on eommereial (federal/state OSHA), DOE, and the Army Corps of Engineers operations. In addition to these requirements there may be other regulatory standards that have requirements pertinent to hazardous materials. 

Eor example, the federal Oeeupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulates asbestos, lead, and other hazardous substanees. It would be very diffieult to provide the reader with every regulatory ageney that may have jurisdietion over hazardous materials. It is not our intent to provide the reader with every detail. However, the information offered in this book ean aid the reader in general eompli-anee issues and assist in planning for safety. This, in the long run, will help to improve on-site safety performanee. 

Anytime hazardous materials are eneountered, the potential for a mishap to oeeur inereases. Should the hazardous materials be eonsidered waste produets, eomplianee issues beeome more important. Elazardous waste operations and work aetivities should be evaluated to determine if the operation should eomply with HAZWOPER or other regulatory guidelines. 

Fatal accident rate Lost-time injury rate Capital cost of accidents Number of plant/community evacuations Cost of business interruption Cost of workers compensation claims Number of hazardous material spills (in excess of a threshold) Tonnage of hazardous material spilled Tonnage of air, water, liquid and solid effluent Tonnage of polluting materials released into the environment Employee exposure monitoring Number of work related sickness claims Number of regulatory citations and fines Ecological impact of operations (loss or restoration of biodiversity, species, habitats)... 

CHEMpendium regularly updated information on the transport of hazardous materials, chemical toxicity, industrial chemicals and environmental contaminants, workplace safety, regulatory compliance, WHMIS and Right-to-Know, Canada s DLS and NDSL, Emergency response. 

RCRA was passed to manage nonhazardous and hazardous wastes and underground storage tanks, with an emphasis placed on the recovery of reusable materials as an alternative to their disposal. This act introduced the concept of the separate management of hazardous and nonhazardous wastes, and defined procedures to identify whether a waste is hazardous or nonhazardous. A waste exhibits the characteristic of toxicity, classified as a hazardous material, if the concentration of any of 39 selected analytes in the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) extract exceed regulatory action levels. 

The bioreactor landfill is a remedial alternative that can be applied either on site or off site. However, landfilling is regarded as the least attractive alternative at a site cleanup action. Landfilling of hazardous materials is becoming increasingly difficult and more expensive due to steadily growing regulatory control.92-93... 

A review is presented on European regulatory initiatives focussing on products containing chemicals, which are potential sources of environmentally hazardous materials. Particular attention is paid to brominated flame retardants in the light of the European Commission s official position in relation to the Precautionary Principle. 18 refs. EUROPEAN COMMISSION... 

The basic purpose of HMTA is to ensure safe transportation of hazardous materials through the nation s highways, railways, and waterways. The basic theme of HMTA is to prevent any person from offering or accepting a hazardous material for transportation anywhere within this nation if that material is not properly classified, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and properly authorized for shipment pursuant to the regulatory requirements. 

Majumdar, S. B. 1993. Regulatory Requirements for Hazardous Materials. McGraw-Hill, New York. 

This manual may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment, and does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with their use. It is the responsibility of the user of this manual to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 

CMP slurry is not particularly hazardous, especially compared to many other materials in a semiconductor fab. In some regions, it is not even (yet) considered a hazardous material. Nevertheless, as the sheer volume of use grows, waste treatment is becoming an issue for various regulatory, economic, or good citizen reasons including... 

The Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 propelled these regulatory issues to the forefront of process design by suggesting, the use of materials processes or practices that reduce or eliminate the creation of pollutants or waste at the source. It includes practices that reduce the use of hazardous materials, energy, water or other resources and practices that protect natural resources through conservation or more efficient use (U.S. EPA, 1990b). 

An international non-profit educational association representing transporters and container manufacturers of hazardous materials, substances, and wastes concerned with the safe handling of these substances. Provides regulatory assistance and advice for establishing hazardous materials compliance and safety programs. 

Majuradar, S B. Regulatory Requirements and Hazardous Materials, Chem Eng. Progress, 17 (May 1990). 

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