Hard tissue engineering

Firth, A., Aggeli, A., Burke, J.L., Yang, X.B., and Kirkham, J. "Biomimetic self-assembling peptides as injectable scaffolds for hard tissue engineering". Nanomedicine 1(2), 189-199... 

A range of functionalized and unfunctionalized self-assembling fibrous structures have been tested for their biocompatibility and ability to provide cells with a favorable micro- and nanoenvironments for soft tissue engineering. In this section, studies that focus on amyloid fibrils, on peptide amphi-philes, on ionic complementary peptides, and on dipeptide structures are reviewed. Hard tissue engineering, composites, and coating are also explored followed by macroscopic structures and networks that can be created from fibrous protein structures. 

Hard tissue engineering, coatings, and other applications... 

R. De Santis, A. Gloria, T. Russo, U. D Amora, V. D Anto, F. Bollino, L. Ambrosio, et al.. Advanced composites for hard-tissue engineering based on PCL/organic-inorganic hybrid fillers from the design of 2D substrates to 3D rapid prototyped scaffolds. Polymer Compos. 34 (2013) 1413-1417, doi 10.1002/pc.22446. 

Volume I Fabrication and Self-Assembly of Nanobiomaterials Volume II Engineering of Nanobiomateriais Voiume III Surface Chemistry of Nanobiomaterials Volume IV Nanobiomaterials in Hard Tissue Engineering Voiume V Nanobiomaterials in Soft Tissue Engineering... 

Firth A, Aggeli A, Burke JL, Yang X, Krrkham J. Biomimetic self-assembling peptides as injectable scaffolds for hard tissue engineering. Nanomedicine (Land) 2006 1(2) 189-199. 

They are used in hard tissue engineering applications [75]. A successful tissue engineering implant mainly depends on the role played by porous scaffolds. The ideal scaffolds should be biodegradable to support the substitution of new tissues. Besides, the scaffolds must be biocompatible without inflammation or immune reactions and possess proper mechanical properties to support the growth of new tissues. 

Polymers used as biomaterials can be natural, synthetic or hybrid. With the growing field of regenerative medicine and medical devices, polymers dominate the soft tissue engineering and drug delivery industry and are gradually replacing metals and ceramics in the hard tissue engineering field as well. 

PGS is a bioresorbable elastomeric polymer and extensively evaluated for various biomedical applications such as soft and hard tissue engineering and controlled drug delivery [8]. In a similar way, a number of aliphatic polyester elastomers for various biomedical applications were prepared from diacid monomers such as citric acid and a-ketoglutaric acid with aliphatic diols and triols using thermal polycondensation reactions [9-12]. 

Kim, Y.B., Kim, G.H., 2015. PCL/alginate composite scaffolds for hard tissue engineering fabrication, characterization, and cellular activities. ACS Combinatorial Science 17, 87-99. 

A. El-Fiqi, J.H. Lee, E.J. Lee, and H.W. Kim, Collagen hydrogels incorporated with sur-face-aminated mesoporous nanobioactive glass Improvement of physicochemical stability and mechanical properties is effective for hard tissue engineering, Acta Biomater., 9 (12), 9508-9521, 2013. 

Calcium phosphate bioceramics have drawn worldwide attention as the important substitute and scaffolding materials in hard tissue engineering due to their biocompatibility and bioactivity. This is due to the chemical similarity of these materials especially carbonated hydroxyapatite to the mineral constituent of bone [1-6]. 

Wang, S. and Jain, H. (2010) High surface area nanomacroporous bioactive glass scaffold for hard tissue engineering. /. 

S. Verrier, J.J. Blaker, V. MaqueL L.L. Hench, A.R. Boccaccini, PDLLA/Bioglass composites for soft-tissue and hard-tissue engineering an in vitro cell biology assessmenL Biomaterials 25 (2004) 3013-3021. 

Gmmezescu A (2016) Nanobiomaterials in hard tissue engineering applications of nanobiomaterials. William Andrew, 510 p. ISBN-13 978-0323428620... 

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