Halogenated hydantoin

Halogenated Hydantoin Increase in use due to control release of halogen reducing AOX... 

Halogenated Hydantoins. Halogenaiiun has been achieved by use of a variety of halogenaling reagents. These derivatives are employed tts... 

Dantobrom . [Lonza] Halogenated hydantoin biocides to water treatment, pools, spas. 

Bromine Liquid Hydrolysis of compounds like halogenated hydantoins Displacement from a bromine salt water by chlorine... 

A convenient way of introducing bromine into a cooling water system is in the form of halogenated hydantoins. the most common compound used for this purpose is 1 bromo 3 chloro 5, 5 dimethyl hydantoin [Marshall and Bott 1988]. The compound hydrolyses in water to produce hypochlorous and hypobromous acids together with dimethyl hydantoin. 

Classification Halogenated hydantoin Empirical C5H6BrCIN202 Formula BrCI(CH3)2C3N202 Properties Wh. powd., faint halogen odor sol. in benzene, methylene dichloride, chloroform m.w. 241.49 m.p. 163-164 C Toxicology LD50 (oral, rat) 485 mg/kg LDLo (skin, rabbit) 2 g/kg mod. toxicity by skin contact and ing. primary irritant severe eye and skin irritant TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods. Heated to decomp.. 

Because the halogenated hydantoins are anchored and do not readily release fi ee chlorine, conventional methods for demonstrating antimicrobial efficacy based on the diffusive release of fi ee biocide into the local microenvironment— the so-called zone of microbial inhibition— cannot be applied. Inhibitory zones are minimal under circumstances where the challenge method depends on the slow release of biocides into an area populated by growing organisms, the net effect of which is to kill those which fall within a range of concentrations that is lethal. Retention of Cl on the grafted hydantoin demands that a test method be... 

P. G. Sweeny. Hydantoin-enhanced halogen efficacy in pulp and paper applications. Patent WO 9611882,1996. 

Halogen a ted Hydantoins. These are stable solids with limited use as bleaches. They dissolve too slowly to use in household laundry and automatic dishwashing. l,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin [118-52-5] (3) is sold with 65—75% available chlorine. It is used as a bleach in hospital and other industrial laundries and in disinfectant cleaners. Some l-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin [6079-88-2] is also used. It is a more effective bleach and disinfectant at lower temperatures and higher alkalinities than l,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin because it hydrolyzes to hypobromite. 

Analytical Properties Substrate has 38 chiral centers and 7 aromatic rings surrounding 4 cavities (A, B, C, D), making this the most structurally complex of the macrocyclic glycopeptides substrate has a relative molecular mass of 2066 this phase can be used in normal, reverse, and polar organic phase separations selective for anionic chiral species with polar organic mobile phases, it can be used for a-hydroxy acids, profens, and N-blocked amino acids in normal phase mode, it can be used for imides, hydantoins, and N-blocked amino acids in reverse phase, it can be used for a-hydroxy and halogenated acids, substituted aliphatic acids, profens, N-blocked amino acids, hydantoins, and peptides Reference 47, 48... 

The most common drugs responsible for acneform eruptions are ACTH, androgenic hormones, anticonvulsants (hydantoin derivatives, phenobarbital, trimethadione), corticosteroids, danazol, disulfiram, halogens (bromides, chlorides, iodides), lithium, oral contraceptives, tuberculostatics (ethionamide, isoniazid, rifampin), vitamins B2, B6, and B12. 

Crosslinked chloromethylated PS beads were reacted with hydantoin and imidazolidinone derivatives to produce functionalised beads which could be rendered biocidal by reaction with free chlorine or bromine. The biocidal efficacies of the N-chlorinated and, in one case, the N-brominated polymeric beads against Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli 0157 H7 in aqueous suspension were determined. The N-halogenated polymeric beads were effective in aqueous disinfection application, requiring short contact times for inactivation of the two bacteria. The functionalised polymers could be tailored to the application, depending on whether rapid biocidal activity or long-term stability to loss of oxidative halogen was desired. 11 refs. (Pt.III, ibid, p.363-7)... 

Although halogenation of the hydantoin ring with several agents occurs preferentially at position 3, monohalogenation of nitrogen-unsubstituted hydantoins leads in all cases to the 1-halo derivative as a result of the intermediate formation of the 1,3-dihalo compound and later transfer of the halogen atom at the N-3 position to another hydantoin molecule. 

A new N-halamine monomeric compound, hydantoin acrylamide (HA), was synthesised by forming a hydantoin ring from the ketone moiety of a secondary amide monomer, N-(l,l-dimethyl-3-oxobutyl)acrylamide (DA), which has been used for coatings and textile applications [76]. Amide and imide moieties of the hydantoin ring halogenate more easily than sterically hindered secondary amides this method can be used to impart antimicrobial properties to films, coatings or paint. HA can be copolymerised with many commercial monomers. 

Bromochloro-5,5-dimethyl hydantoin halogenation, polyhalogenated derivs. 

---