Gulf Coast Basin

The subsurface situation, however, with respect to dolomitization is more complex, as shown by the work of Land and Prezbindowski (1981). It appears that in the Cenozoic Gulf Coast basin of the United States, subsurface, Ca-rich saline formation waters may be undersaturated with respect to dolomite, and as the brine moves updip, and is progressively diluted by shallow subsurface waters, the brine may cause dedolomitization of carbonates encountered in the subsurface. 

Moran J. E., Fehn U., and Hanor J. S. (1995) Determination of source ages and migration patterns of brines from the US Gulf Coast basin using 1. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 59, 5055-5069. 

Bjprlykke K., Aagaard P., Egeberg P. K., and Simmons S. P. (1995) Geochemical constraints from formation water analyses from the North Sea and the Gulf Coast basins on quartz, feldspar, and illite precipitation in reservoir rocks. Geol Soc. Spec. Pub. 86, 33-50. 

Eastoe C. J., Long A., Land L. S., and Kyle J. R. (2001) Stable chloride isotopes in halite and brine from the Gulf Coast Basin brine genesis and evolution. Chem. Geol. 176, 343-360. 

Kyle J. R. and Saunders J. A. (1997) MetalUc deposits of the Gulf Coast Basin diverse minerahzation styles in a young sedimentary basin. In Carbonate-hosted Lead—Zinc Deposits (ed. D. F. Sangster). Society of Economic Geologists, Littleton, CO, vol. 4, pp. 218—229. 

Smith, D.A. 1980. Sealing and non-sealing faults in Louisiana Gulf Coast basins. Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol. Bull., 64 145-172. 

Guzman-Vega, M. a. et al. 2001. Classification and origin of petroleum in the Mexiean Gulf Coast Basin an overview. In Bartollini, C., Buffler,... 

Bradshaw, G.A. Zoback, M.D. 1988. Listric normal faulting, stress refraction and the state of stress in the Gulf Coast Basin. Geology 16 pp. 271 -274. 

Fig. 4. Activity diagram for the equilibrium between acetic and propionic acids, as given in Eq. (23), at 100 °C and 300 bar (Shock 1989), showing log(acH3CH2CooH) versus log(flcH3CooH) The solid lines are contours of log(/o2)- oth open and solid symbols represent activities calculated from reported concentrations of acetic and propionic acids in natural brine samples from the San Joaquin and Gulf Coast Basins (Carothers and Kharaka 1978). Solid symbols indicate values for which a correlation with iodide is shown in Fig. 7. (With permission by E.L. Shock and The Geological Society of America)...

Evaporite Basin Sulfur Deposits. Elemental sulfur occurs in another type of subsurface deposit similar to the salt-dome stmctures in that the sulfur is associated with anhydrite or gypsum. The deposits are sedimentary, however, and occur in huge evaporite basins. It is befleved that the sulfur in these deposits, like that in the Gulf Coast salt domes, was derived by hydrocarbon reduction of the sulfate material and assisted by anaerobic bacteria. The sulfur deposits in Italy (Sicily), Poland, Iraq, the CIS, and the United States (western Texas) are included in this category. 

Gulf Coast region of the USA and Mexico, and from the evaporite basin deposits in west Texas, Poland, the former USSR and Iran. 

Figure 2-56 shows a plot of the theoretical maximum overburden pressure and the theoretical minimum pressure as a function of depth. Also plotted are various bottomhole fluid pressures from actual wells drilled in the Gulf Coast region [33]. These experimentally obtained pressures are the measurements of the pressures in the fluids that result from a combination of rock overburden and the fluid hydraulic column to the surface. These data show the bottomhole fluid pressure extremes. The abnormally high pressures can be explained by the fact that the sedimentary basins in the Gulf Coast region are immature basins and are... 

The Cenozoic portions of the Gulf Coast sedimentary basins are immature therefore, little cementing of the sediments has taken place. Poisson s ratio varies with depth for such sedimentary columns, reflecting the variation of properties through the column. At great depth (i.e., approaching 20,000 ft), Poisson s ratio approaches that of incompressible, plastic materials (i.e., 0.5) [35]. 

Figure 20.1 shows the number of Class I wells in the 1986 survey by state, divided into U.S. EPA regions, and also indicates the regulatory status of such wells in each state as of 1989. The map shows the heavy concentration of hazardous waste injection wells in three geologic basins Gulf Coast, Illinois Basin, and the Michigan Basin.1 3 ... 

There are two sources of lignite mined in the USA, the Gulf Coast Region in Texas and the Fort Union basin in North Dakota. Combustion of Gulf Coast lignite forms a low- to... 

Appalachian Region Class F Illinois Basin Class F Gulf Coast Class E Fort Union Class C Powder River Basin Class C... 

Fecal Bacteria (coliform, FC streptococcal, FS). During the study period, decreases in FC and FS were widespread. Major decreases were particularly evident in parts of the Gulf Coast, central Mississippi, and Columbia basins significant decreases were also noted in the Arkansas-Red basin and along the Atlantic Ocean. During the study period, major efforts were made to control both municipal and agricultural sources of fecal bacteria. 

Landrum, K.E. (1994) Accumulation and trace-metal variability of estuarine sediments, Barataria Basin, Louisiana. Transactions of the Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies, XLIV, 365-72. 

Example Mid-Atlantic Ridge. North American Atlantic and Gulf Coast Mesozoic and Cenozoic. Aleutian trench. Siwalik scries of India, Bengal submarine fan. Triassic of Eastern North America. Michigan and Eastern interior basins of North America. 

Since 1975 there has been a substantial amount of research and development on underground coal gasification (UCG) for Texas lignite, stimulated by the large resources of deep-basin lignite and proximity to Industry in the Gulf Coast region which uses... 

Spatial variations in salinity put important constraints on the interpretation of the origin of basinal brines and on the quantification of diffusion, advection, and dispersion, which are responsible for subsurface solute transport. For example, lateral salinity plumes have been mapped around a number of shallow Gulf Coast salt domes (e.g., Bennett and Hanor, 1987), providing direct evidence for the dissolution of... 

Figure 11 Isotopic compositions of oil-field waters from several basins in North America. Original lines from Cla3fton et al. (1966), CHitchon and Friedman, (1969), and CKharaka et al. 0973, C1979). Note that except for Gulf Coast II, the isotope lines intersect the Global Meteoric Line (Craig, 1961) at points with isotope values of present-day meteoric water (Kharaka and Thordsen, 1992).

Figure 14 Isotopic composition of shallow groundwater (solid circles) and formation waters from Jurassic (open circles with +) and Cretaceous (open circles) rocks from the central Mississippi Salt Dome Basin. S D values (squares) were computed from 5D values and a correction factor AS from Sofer and Gat (1972). Lines originating from SMOW are the range of trajectories for seawater undergoing evaporation, with line B being from Holser s (1979) estimate of evaporating seawater in the Gulf Coast. The least-squares line for the SD and 6 °0 values is also...

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