Geochemical constraints

McCollom, T. M. and E.L. Shock, 1997, Geochemical constraints on chemolithoautotrophic metabolism by microorganisms in seafloor hydrothermal systems. Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta 61,4375 1391. 

The complex nature of this subject suggests the need for a lengthy review. This has been avoided by the liberal use of references to which the reader is referred for more comprehensive coverage of the geological and geochemical constraints on the origin of oil. 

Thomson, B.M., Longmire, P.A. and Brookins, D.G. (1986) Geochemical constraints on underground disposal of uranium mill tailings. Applied Geochemistry, 1, 335-343. 

Torgersen, T., Clarke, W. B. (1992) Geochemical constraints on formation fluid ages, hydrothermal heat flux, and crustal mass transport mechanisms at Cajon Pass. J. Geophys. 

Better rate measurements Although the currently available methods for direct assessment of nitrification rates and the geochemical constraints provide internally consistent estimates of the overall rates and distributions of nitrification, improvements in direct rate methods are sorely needed to investigate the effects of environmental variables on rates under realistic conditions. These improvements will likely come with the application of even greater sensitivity isotope tracer methods, which require less substrate perturbation for detection of signal in the product pool. In addition, stable isotope methods that do not require tracer addition may possess the sensitivity to detect small fractionation... 

Jones J. H. and Drake M. J. (1986) Geochemical constraints on core formation in the Earth. Nature 322, 221-228. 

Jones J. H. and Palme H. (2000) Geochemical constraints on the origin of the Earth and Moon. In Origin of the Earth and Moon (eds. R. M. Canup and K. Righter). University of Arizona Press, Tucson, pp. 197-216. 

Hofmann A. W., "White W. M., and "Whitford D. J. (1978) Geochemical constraints on mantle models the case for a layered mantle. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Year Book 11, 548-562. 

Pearson D. G., Davies G. R., and Nixon P. H. (1993) Geochemical constraints on the petrogenesis of diamond facies pyroxenites from Beni Bousera peridotite massif, north Morocco. J. Petrol. 34, 125—172. 

Arndt N. T. and Christensen U. (1992) The role of lithospheric mantle in flood volcanism thermal and geochemical constraints. J. Geophys. Res. 97, 10967-10981. 

McDonough W. F. and McCuUoch M. T. (1987) The southeast Austrahan lithospheric mantle isotopic and geochemical constraints on its growth and evolution. Earth. Planet. Sci. Lett. 86, 327-340. 

---