Guinea trachea

Data for Figure 11.15. Schild analysis for atenolol trachea. in guinea pig... 

K.A. and Raeburn, D. (1987). Demonstration of the release of an epithelium-derived inhibitory fiictor from a novel preparation of guinea-pig trachea. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 136, 247-250. 

Yeadon, M., Wilkinson, D. and Payne, A.N. (1991b). Induction of trachea] plasma protein extravasation in the conscious guinea-pig by ozone role of neuropeptides. Br. J. Pharmacol. 102, 334P. 

In studies on hamsters and guinea pigs exposed to aerosols of crude and refined extracts from cotton mill trash and CMD, Kilburn et al (59) has further demonstrated recruitment of PMN beneath the basement membrane and on luminal surfaces of intrapulmonary airways and tracheas. When administered as aerosols or dust, polyphenolic extracts from cotton trash and pure and oxidization-polymerization products of quercetin also recruit PMN from the trachea to terminal bronchioles in hamsters (60). 

Aizawa, H., Inoue, H., Matsumoto, K., Koto, H., Nakano, H., and Kara, N. (1996) Thromboxane A antagonist inhibits leukotriene D -induced smooth muscle contraction in guinea-pig lung parenchyma, but not in trachea. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids. 55,437-440. 

Casaco A, Garcia M, Gonzalez R, et al. 1985b. Induction of acetylcholinesterase inhibition in the guinea pig trachea by kerosene. Respiration 48(l) 46-49. 

Rats exposed to 12,000ppm for 4 hours survived, but exposure for 8 hours was lethal to half the animals. Mice exposed to 32 50ppm for 460 minutes developed ataxia, prostration, and finally narcosis. Guinea pigs exposed to 400 ppm for 24 successive hours had slight changes in the mucosa of the nose and trachea. 

F]Fluoroethylation of fenoterol does not change the in vitro affinity toward S2-ARs as evaluated with isolated guinea pig trachea. In a PET study R,R) S,S)-... 

Petroleum ether extract of the seed, administered subcutaneously to pregnant rats at a dose of 0.6 mL/animal, was active . Antispasmodic activity. Petroleum ether fraction chromatographed and fraction eluted with chloroform, at a concentration of 0.50 mg/mL, was active on the guinea pigileum vs histamine-induced contrac-tions . Tertiary alkaloid fraction of the dried seeds produced weak activity on the dog trachea vs acetylcholine (ACh)- and KCl-induced contractions, and active on the guinea pig ileum. A concentration of 25 (Xg/mL was active on the rat uterus vs ACh-and oxytocin-induced contractions, results significant at p < 0.02 level . Methanol extract of the dried seed, at a concentration of 0.1 mg/mL, was active on the guinea pig ileum vs histamine-induced contractions . 

Spasmolytic activity. Ethanol (95%), ethanol/glycerin, and glycerin extracts of the leaf, administered to guinea pigs at a dose of 50 mg/kg, was active vs vasopressin-induced coronary spasms as determined from electrocardiogram ". Ethanol (30%) extract of the dried leaf, administered to rabbits at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, was active on aorta vs K -induced contractions ". Decoction of the dried leaf, administered to rats, was active on aorta, IC501.12 mg/mL. The effect of the lyophilized extract on phenylephrine-induced contraction and endothelium was present. Decoction of the dried leaf, administered to rats, was active on the aorta vs phenylephrine-induced contraction, IC501.16 mg/mL. Water extract of the dried leaf, administered to rats at a dose of 3 mg/mL, was active on trachea vs acetylcholine-induced contractions ". Superoxide production inhibition. Seed oil, administered to rats at a concentration... 

Smooth muscle relaxant activity. The essential oil was active on the guinea pig trachea and ileum, ED , 171 and 36 mg/L, respectively . 

Punte et al.7 summarized their observations on mice, rats, and guinea pigs and stated that animals killed (or dying) after exposure to DM aerosol at Ct s greater than 500 mg min/m3 showed hyperemia of the trachea, pulmonary congestion, edema, and pneumonia. At less than 500 rng min/m3, no pathologic changes were observed. 

Thome JR, Danahay H, Broadley KJ (1996) Analysis of the bronchoconstrictor responses to adenosine receptor agonists in sensitized guinea-pig lungs and trachea. Eur J Pharmacol 316(2—3) 263—271... 

Cardell L.O., Edvinsson, L., 1994. Characterization of the histamine receptors in the guinea-pig lung evidence for relaxant histamine H3 receptors in the trachea. Br. J. Pharmacol. Ill, 445-454. 

Cox DA, Watts SW, Cohen ML. Neomycin selectively inhibits 5-hydroxy-tryptamine-induced contraction in the guinea pig trachea. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1996 277 954-959. 

Dahlgren SE, Dalhamn T. 1972. Antiinflammatory action of phenylmetholaxadiozole (PMO). Experimental study on the guinea pig trachea. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol 31 193-202. 

Dahlgren SE, Dalen H, Dalhamn T. 1972. Ultrastructural observations on chemically induced inflammation in guinea pig trachea. Virchows Arch Abt B Zelpathol 11 211-223. 

Endothelin has many other biological actions, but among the most important of these are the effects on the airways, the gastro-intestinal tract, the kidney and the central nervous system. In addition to its effects on the pulmonary circulation, endothelin has marked effects on non-vascular airway smooth muscle. ET-1 is a potent constrictor of guinea-pig isolated trachea, upper bronchus and parenchyma [35]. ET-2 and ET-3 also contract isolated guinea-pig trachea, although ET-3 is less potent than the other two isoforms [36]. Endothelin contracts bronchial smooth muscle from a... 

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