Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy , compared

The GECE sensors were used for lead determination in real water samples suspected to be contaminated with lead obtained from water suppliers. The same samples were previously measured by three other methods a potentiometric FIA system with a lead ion-selective-electrode as detector (Pb-ISE) graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP). The results obtained for lead determination are presented in Table 7.1. The accumulation times are given for each measured sample in the case of DPASV. Calibration plots were used to determine the lead concentration. GEC electrode results were compared with each of the above methods by using paired -Test. The results obtained show that the differences between the results of GECE compared to other methods were not significant. The improvement of the reproducibility of the methods is one of the most important issues in the future research of these materials. 

Figure 21-8 (a) Transversely heated graphite furnace maintains nearly constant temperature over its whole length, thereby reducing memory effect from previous runs. The i vov platform is uniformly heated by radiation from the outer wall, not by conduction. The platform is attached to the wall by one small connection that is hidden from view. [Courtesy Perkin-Bmer Corp., Norwalk, Cl] (to) Heating profiles comparing analyte evaporation from wall and from platform. [From W. Slavin, Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, Anal. Chem. 1982,54,685A.]... 

We consider the determination of the concentration of elements in various materials studied in agricultural and environmental applications, by the use of the following methods atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) using a flame (FAAS) or a graphite furnace (GFAAS) as an atom cell inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICPAES) inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The analytical characteristics of the methods as normally practised are compared with the requirements of fitness for purpose in the examination of soils and sediments, waters, dusts and air particulates, and animal and plant tissue. However, there are numerous specialized techniques that cannot be included here. 

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