Glycerol 1,3-dimethyl

Interest in the xanthates of carbohydrates has arisen almost entirely through the importance of the viscose process in the technical production of rayon and related products.126 The selective character of the reaction of carbon disulfide and alkali with polyhydroxy compounds has been studied. Lieser and Nagel126 found that a monoxanthate is formed with polyhydric alcohols and methyl a-D-glucopyranoside when they react with carbon disulfide and aqueous barium hydroxide. The xanthation that has been demonstrated in the cases of glycerol 1,3-dimethyl ether and levoglucosan (LXIX) shows that secondary hydroxyl groups can... 

Synonyms 1,3-DP Glycerol 1,3-dimethyl ether Glyceryl a,y-dimethyl ether 2-Propanol, 1,3-dlmethoxy-... 

DIOXOLANE 2,2-DIMETHYL-4-OXYMETHYL-U-DIOXOELNE DIOXOLANE pOT) GIE GLYCEROLACETONE GLYCEROL DIMETHYL-KETAL 4-HYDROXYMETH X-2,2-DIMETHYL-l,3-DIOXOLANE ISOPROPYLIDENE GLYCEROL l,2-o-ISOPROPYLIDENE GLYCEROL SOLKETAL... 

NMR spectra of (a) a soil humic acid (b) a groundwater fulvic acid (c) a mixture of C-methylated reference compounds (1) pentamethylquercetin (2) glycerol dimethyl ether (3) methyl benzoate (4) methyl pentanoate. Reprinted with permission from Mikita et al., Carbon-13 Enriched Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Method for the Determination of Hydroxyl Functionality in Humic Substances, Anal. Chem. 53, 1715-1717. Copyright 1981, American Chemical Society. 

One potential solution to the dilemma is to find additives that can minimize the toxic effects of concentrated solutes, decrease the probability of internal ice formation, or decrease the injurious consequences of ice formation. A number of substances have been found that do, in fact, protect some cells from low-temperature injury p], the most effective being glycerol, dimethyl sulfoxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and a variety of sugars but at present we cannot say with any certainty by which of the three mechanisms they protect, or whether they protect by some entirely different mechanism. We do find, however, that their effectiveness seems to decrease with increasing size and complexity of the cell or organism. 

Xylene with water, brine, aqueous solutions generally, glycerol, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide. 

Water-soluble fusogens. Large decreases of the surface potential were observed when dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (dpPC) was spread on subphases containing glycerol, dimethyl sulphoxide, sucrose, sorbitol or poly(ethyleneglycol) of M.W. 1500 6000 3 x 10 or 5 X 10 (Fig, 1). Similar results were obtained for dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (dpPE). 

Aliphatic Glycidyl Ethers. Aliphatic epoxy resins have been synthesized by glycidylation of difunctional or polyfunctional polyols such as a 1,4-butanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-l,3-propanediol (neopentyl glycol), polypropylene glycols, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, and pentaerythritol. 

Draw the structure of the polymer you would expect to obtain from reaction of dimethyl lerephthalate with a triol such as glycerol. What structural feature would this new polymer have that was not present in Dacron How do you think this new feature might affect the properties of the polymer ... 

Rail, W.F., Mazur, P., McGrath, J.J. (1983). Depression of the ice-nucleation temperature of rapidly cooled mouse embryos by glycerol and dimethyl sulfoxide. Biophys. J. 41, 1-12. 

Dynamic light-scattering experiments or the analysis of some physicochemical properties have shown that finite amounts of formamide, A-methylformamide, AA-dimethyl-formamide, ethylene glycol, glycerol, acetonitrile, methanol, and 1,2 propanediol can be entrapped within the micellar core of AOT-reversed micelles [33-36], The encapsulation of formamide and A-methylformamide nanoclusters in AOT-reversed micelles involves a significant breakage of the H-bond network characterizing their structure in the pure state. Moreover, from solvation dynamics measurements it was deduced that the intramicellar formamide is nearly completely immobilized [34,35],... 

Glutaronitrile, 3-hydroxy-, 46, 48 Glycerol chlorohydrin, 46, 24 Glycine (-butyl ester, 45, 47 conversion to acetamidoacetone, 45,1 Glyoxal, phenyl-, 48,109 Glyoxals from esters and the potassium salt of dimethyl sulfoxide, 48, 112... 

These are the most common class of complex lipid (Figure 12.11) and contain a phosphoric acid residue (phosphate group) and two fatty acids esterified to glycerol. Attached to the phosphate group is an amino alcohol, sometimes referred to as the nitrogenous base, which may be either serine, choline or ethanolamine or sometimes the monomethyl or dimethyl derivatives of ethanolamine (Table 12.4). Alternatively, a polyhydroxy compound which is either glycerol, myo-inositol or one of their derivatives is attached instead... 

Irreversible Transesterification. A new preparation of chiral glycerol acetonide (2,2-dimethyl-l,3-dioxolane-4-methanol) involving an enantioselective hydrolysis of 2-0-benzylycerol diacetate to the (R)-monoacetate catalyzed by a lipoprotein lipase (47) has recently been developed. In an effort to prepare the (S)-enantiomer, we have used the aforementioned irreversible transesterification reaction using isopropenyl acetate as an acylating reagent, which upon reaction gives acetone as a... 

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