Glucose production from corn-derived

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the integrated process for the production of chemicals from corn-derived glucose. Sodium succinate is shown for illustration purpose only. Different succinate salts will form depending on the bases used for pH control.

Corn (maize) syrup is a sweetener derived from corn starch by a process that was first commercialized in the 1920s. Corn syrup is composed of glucose and a variety of sugars described as the maltose series of oligosaccharides. These syrups are not as sweet as sucrose, but are very often used in conjunction with sugar in confections and odier food products. 

Succinic acid currently is manufactured by chemical processes (1). Many attempts have been made to develop a fermentation process for the production of succinic acid from renewable feedstocks such as corn-derived glucose. A number of patents have been issued on the microbial production of succinic acid (4-7). However, none of these has been applied toward the commercial production of succinic acid. 

Acid (3-HP) used in the production of acrylates that were originally produced from acryhc acid that was obtained from propene. Propene was obtained as a by-product of ethylene and gasoline production of glycerol or glucose. 3-HP is a commercial monomer derived from corn acid, methyl acrylate, acrylamide fibers, paints and adhesives, polytrimethylene terephthalate, contact lenses, polymers for diapers... 

Molasses is the thick brownish syrup by-product of the manufacture of cane or beet sugar from which part of the crystallizable sugar has been removed. However, molasses is also the by-product of several other industries. Citrus molasses is produced from the juice of citrus wastes. Wood molasses is a by-product of the manufacture of paper, fiber-board, and pure cellulose from wood it is an extract from the more soluble carbohydrates and minerals of the wood material. Starch molasses, Hydrol, is a by-product of the manufacture of dextrose (glucose) from starch derived from corn or grain sorghums in which the starch is hydrolyzed by use of enzymes and/or acid. Cane molasses and beet molasses are, by far, the most extensively used types of molasses. The different types of molasses are available in both liquid and dehydrated forms. 

The hydrophilic part of the alkyl polyglycoside molecule is derived from a carbohydrate. Based on starch from corn, wheat, or potatoes, both polymeric and monomeric carbohydrates are suitable as raw materials for the production of alkyl polyglycosides. Polymeric carbohydrates include, for example, starch or glucose syrups with low degradation levels, whereas monomeric carbohydrates can be any of the various forms in which glucose is available,... 

The average ethanol concentration derived from whole corn fermentations was 106.8 g/L. The average ethanol concentration from G/F minus corn was 118.7 g/L, an 11% increase. While the whole-corn fermentations finished (residual glucose of <1 g/L), the G/F minus corn fermentations did not finish (residual glucose average of 6 g/L). The best G/F minus corn fermentation reached a peak ethanol production of 123.2 g/L with a residual glucose of 4.9 g/L. It is expected that yeast strains more tolerant to high-density fermentations could achieve ethanol concentrations of approx 125 g/L. 

Novel glycolipids isolated from ripening corn seeds contain residues of o-galactose or D-glucose, ethanediol, and fatty acids. Analysis of the deacylation products of one of the isolated glycolipids showed that they are derived from a l-O-acyl-2-0-P-D-galactopyranosylethanediol, which normally contains palmitic, stearic, or oleic acid as the fatty-acid component. The synthesis of digalactosyldiglycerol by... 

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