Glucose in human serum

Method-dependent measurements can be grouped by sector. For example, in the clinical fields there are cases where some higher order reference materials are required for IVD methods, such as for determination of glucose in human serum. It is also required of reference laboratories in specific measurement methods. These issues are now under the responsibility of JCTLM (Joint Committee on the Traceability of Laboratory Medicine of CCQM). CENAM has developed a reference material for glucose and cholesterol determination in human serum, and certified by IDMS, which is under review by JCTLM for the use by reference laboratories in any country applying a reference method. 

Schleicher E, Wieland OH. Specific quantitation by HPLC of protein (lysine) bound glucose in human serum albumin and other glycosylated proteins. 

Schleicher, E., and Wieland, O. H., Specific quantitation by HPLC of protein (lysine) bound glucose in human. serum albumin and other glycosylated proteins. J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem. 19, 81-87 (1981). 

C. Ridder, E. H. Hansen, and J. Rdii5ka, Flow Injection Analysis of Glucose in Human Serum by Chemiluminescence. Anal. Lett., 15 (1982) 1751. 

Y. Lv, Z. Zhang, F. Chen, Chemiluminescence microflnidic system sensor on a chip for determination of glucose in human serum with immobilized reagents, Talanta 59 (3) (March 2003) 571-576. 

Chen Y, Liu Q, Yong S, Lee TK (2012) High accuracy analysis of glucose in human serum by isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Clin Chim Acta 413 (7-8) 808-813... 

Based on these results, a simple and unique determination of 14 L-amino acids and glucose as substrates was developed. Thus, the calibration graph for a representative amino acid, L-phenylalanine was linear in the concentration range 1.0 x 10 6-2 x 10 8 M with a relative standard deviation of 5.78% and a correlation coefficient of 0.9974. The detection limit obtained was 1.05 X 10 8 M. In the case of glucose the calibration graph was linear in the concentration range 2.7 X 10 6-2.7 X 10 8 M with a relative standard deviation of 4.27% and a correlation coefficient of 0.9980. The detection limit was 2.7 X 10 8 M. The method was successfully applied to the determination of glucose in human blood serum. 

Serum Glucose. No studies were located regarding effects on serum glucose in humans after oral exposure to mirex or chlordecone. 

An error in an experimental measurement is defined as a deviation of an observed value from the true value. There are two types of errors, determinate and indeterminate. Determinate errors are those that can be controlled by the experimenter and are associated with malfunctioning equipment, improperly designed experiments, and variations in experimental conditions. These are sometimes called human errors because they can be corrected or at least partially alleviated by careful design and performance of the experiment. Indeterminate errors are those that are random and cannot be controlled by the experimenter. Specific examples of indeterminate errors are variations in radioactive counting and small differences in the successive measurements of glucose in a serum sample. 

Perez-Urquiza M et al. (2003) Use of reference value for the Proficiency Test scheme in the measurement of glucose and cholesterol in human serum. 

For example, a typical UMB (enzyme only) has an 80 pA response to a sample of 5 mM glucose. The same sensor has a response of 900 pA to 0.44 mM uric acid, 180 pA response to 0.21 mM acetaminophen, and 140 pAto 0.11 mM ascorbic acid (these are maximum clinical amounts of each of the three major interferences that could be found in human serum). The total response due to interferences is more than fifteen times that of the response due to an average clinical amount of glucose. 

NOTE The normal or expected concentration of blood glucose in an adult human is —4.0 mM to 6.5 mM. How does the concentration of glucose in the pig serum sample compare to that expected in human serum ... 

Recently, a similar glycosylation has also been reported in human serum albumin. Approximately 6-15% of the albumin was found to exist naturally in the glycosylated form (54). In this case lysine residues rather than just the N-terminal ct-N groups were shown to be involved in the reaction. Since the extent of these reactions appears to reflect the glucose concentration in the environment of the glycosylated proteins, their use as diagnostic indicators in diabetes is being explored. 

NIR spectral measurements of human skin stretch back to 1950s. Real trials for in vivo and in vitro NIR spectroscopic determination of biomedical components with chemometrics started in 1980s. There have been two major streams for NIR-chemometrics investigations on biomedical components. One is concerned with the quantitative analysis of various biomedical analytes in in vitro samples, especially in human serum, and the other is in vivo blood glucose measurement for possible application to clinical diagnosis. 

Blood glucose and serum lipid lowering effects in humans with diabetes (McPeak et al., 2001 Rukmini et al., 2002 Qureshi et al., 2002). 

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