Glucose controlled insulin infusion system

Clemens, A. H., Chang, P. H., and Myers, R. W. The development of Biostator, a glucose controlled insulin infusion system (GCIIS). Horm. Metab. Res. 7 23-33, 1977. 

Fogt, E. J., Dodd, L. M., Jenning, E. M., and Clemens, A. H. Development and evaluation of a glucose analyzer for a glucose controlled insulin infusion system (Biostator). Clin. Chem. 24 1366-1372, 1978. 

GCIIS glucose control insulin infusion system... 

One major interesting application of Biosensor has been the development of a wearable artificial pancreas and the studies associated with development. This devise has never reached the market stage even if several scientists addressed the problem and demonstrated the possibility to resolve it. In 1976 Clemens et al incorporated an electrochemical glucose biosensor in a bedside artificial pancreas . It was later marketed by Miles (Elkhart) as the Biostator Glucose-Controlled Insulin Infusion System (60 Kg, 42 x 46 x 46 cm) (Rg. 1). 

The first bedside artificial pancreas was introduced. The glucose analyzer allows one to control an insulin infusion system (the Biostator) [114 116. ... 

Clemens, A.H., Chang, P.H., Myers, R.W., 1976. Development of an antomatic system of insulin infusion controlled by blood sugar, its system for the determination of glucose and control algorithms. Joum. Aimu. Diabetol. Hotel. Dieu. 269—278. 

Booth and Campbell ( ) found that insulin infusion into the circulatory system of rats produced increased food consumption but they could not show that infusions of fatty acids (the breakdown product of fats) had any effects on the food intake of albino rats. Campbell and Davis ( have shown that both duodenal and portal glucose influsions wTTl reduce licking rates for glucose solutions. Thus, at least for glucose, sweet taste palatability and subsequent caloric regulation may be controlled to some degree by chemorecep-tors in the liver. 

When the glueose sensor covered with the MPC polymer membrane, was combined with the insulin infusion pump system, control of the glucose levels using the system was achieved for more than 8 days. Thus, the MPC polymer is useful for prolonging biosensor applications, particularly, implantable sensors. 

Between these extremes exists an interval where there is an interplay between the insulin given, the GIR and the fate of the infused glucose, and the movements and oxidation of the previously stored nutrients. Also, there is a yet unknown participation of the nervous part of the control system. The effect of all this is that each clamp must be viewed in its own context. 

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