GLASS FIBRE-REINFORCED TEMPERATURE

Some interesting differences are noted between amorphous and crystalline polymers when glass fibre reinforcement is incorporated into the polymer. In Figure 9.2 (ref. 10) it will be seen that incorporation of glass fibre has a minimal effect on the heat deflection temperature of amorphous polymers (polystyrene,... 

Nowadays the major thermosetting resins used in conjunction with glass fibre reinforcement are unsaturated polyester resins and to a lesser extent epoxy resins. The most important advantages which these materials can offer are that they do not liberate volatiles during cross-linking and they can be moulded using low pressures at room temperature. Table 3.1 shows typical properties of fibre reinforced epoxy. 

Conveyor systems are applied in a number of areas in the rubber industry. The types used can range from simple canvas belt conveyors used for haul-off from conventional extruders, to systems used for transport and cooling of profile products, both in and emerging from continuous vulcanisation units. The latter types have to be resistant to the temperatures used in such systems and are variously constructed from glass fibre-reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene or a silicone rubber covered belt. 

Figure 4.69 displays two examples of the retention of stress at yield versus temperature for a neat and a glass fibre reinforced PBT. 

Figure 4.84 displays two examples of modulus retention versus temperature for a neat general-purpose PPE/PS and a 30% glass fibre reinforced grade. 

Figure 4.113 displays three examples of flexural strength retention versus temperature for neat, carbon fibre reinforced and glass fibre reinforced polyamide-imides. The three curves are not distinguishable note the steady decay up to 260°C. 

Figure 4.127 shows the creep modulus of several grades of glass fibre reinforced LCPs in various conditions of sample geometry, loading and temperature. The two samples tested... 

Glass fibre reinforced PSU/PBT alloys offer good electrical properties combined with high heat deflection temperatures and a VO classification in the UL94 fire rating. 

UV, hydrolysis and/or heat stabilized lower cost improved colour and gloss retention cold-temperature ductility and flexibility soft touch food contact fireproofed low compression set and creep reduced oil swelling improved chemical resistance better resistance to microorganisms transparent colourable glass fibre reinforced antistatic grades... 

Polyester Good temperature and chemical stability. High physical strength with glass fibre reinforcement. 

Fibre-reinforced thermoplastics, such as glass fibre-reinforced nylon, are increasingly used as substitute for wood, metallic or ceramic materials in applications for which high strength and temperature are not decisive parameters. They are being incorporated into components in the automotive, naval, sport and leisure industries due to the potential of reduced production costs of lighter parts and recycling possibilities. 

Figure 24 Plots of ionic conductivity against time during the cure cycle of a glass fibre reinforced epoxy resin panel using an interdigitated sensor. Temperature profile measured by a resistance thermometer in the sensor...

Polyurethane foam is used with facings such as paper, glass fibre, plasterboard or glass fibre reinforced concrete. The facings and foam are layers connected in series, so the temperature drop across each layer is added for the steady-state heat flow. If layer i has thickness Lj and conductivity ki then the overall U-value of the product is given by... 

Hodgkiess et al [78] exposed glass fibre reinforced laminates to (i) distilled water, (ii) simulated sea water ( Ocean Salt 3.3% total dissolved solids) (iii) simulated spray/sunlight conditions in the laboratory and (iv) to tidal effects and permanent immersion in the lower Clyde estuary (55°45 N 4°55 W), where the sea water temperature was 6-12°C over the period of testing. The materials tested, which were exposed for up to 18 months with all sides and edges coated in the same resin, were ... 

It is rare for plastic components to be exposed to a single temperature during their entire service life. An under-the-bonnet component, such as a radiator end-cap, injection moulded from glass-fibre reinforced polyamide 66 could undergo a temperature profile during its service life such as the one displayed in Table 2.5. 

The radiator end-cap of an automotive radiator sub-assembly is currently made from glass fibre-reinforced polyamide 66 (PA 66+GF), which is particularly suitable for under-the-bormet applications as it maintains high stiffness and strength at high temperatures. For the radiators mounted in cars made by the Volvo Car Corporation, the raw material is supplied by DuPont de Nemours to the component producer, AB Konstruktions-Bakelit. This company then supplies the finished component to the sub-assembly producer which then ships the finished assembly to Volvo. 

Kar Karger-Kocsis, J., Friedrich, K. Temperature and strain-rate effects oti the fracture toughness of poly (ether ether ketone) and its short glass-fibre reinforced composite. Polymer 27 (1986)... 

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