Genomic tools

The abundant expression of a variety of transporters in Caco-2 cells also makes it attractive to apply functional genomics tools, such as cDNA arrays in order to map the expression [31] and relative abundance of these transporters [32], Also, genomic mapping of surface receptors on Caco-2 cells can be performed to study receptor-mediated endocytosis and other endocytotic pathways for larger molecules in enterocytes [33-36]. 

Wick, 1., and Hardiman, G. (2005) Biochip platforms as functional genomics tools for drug discovery. Curr. Opin. Drug Discov. Dev. 8,347-354. 

INTEGRATING PROTEOMIC AND GENOMIC TOOLS TO ACCELERATE DRUG DEVELOPMENT 437... 

In a recent report, the U.S. federal Government Accountability Office (GAO) criticized genomic tools such as microarrays, indicating that not only did they increase the cost of R D, but that they also actually slowed research progress (81). Such criticisms are also being heard in the scientific sphere as well (82). Despite this, many researchers remain confident that the promise of microarray technology will be fully realized in the not-too-distant future. It is likely that microarrays have been seen to be a mature technology when, in fact, the hardware itself may have been mature, but the approaches are still in development. 

Genomic tools 31 This method takes advantage of select genomic (microarray-or PCR-based approaches) and proteomic (antibody array analysis) tools to identify the receptors for growth factors, hormones, cytokines, and other components of cell signaling pathways expressed by a culture of interest. 

There are already several examples of chemicals being produced by microbial fermentation of engineered cell factories, whose production through metabolic engineering has been boosted by the use of genomics tools, e.g., 1,3-propanediol used for polymer production, riboflavin used as a vitamin, and 7-aminodeacetoxy-cephalosporanic acid (7-ADCA) used as a precursor for antibiotics production. Furthermore, in the quest to develop a more sustainable society, the chemical industry is currently developing novel processes for many other fuels and chemicals, e.g., butanol, to be used for fuels, organic acids to be used for polymer production, and amino acids to be used as feed. 

G. Natsoulis, C. Pearson, K. Jamagin, Chemogenomics pharmacology with genomics tools, Targets 2002, 1, 59-65. 

DNA microarrays have been a very useful genomic tool for the identification of molecular markers for pathological conditions. Peptide and chemical microarrays have proven to be an emerging but very useful tool in proteomies and in the identification and optimization of drug leads and development of diagnostics. In the near future, it is likely that many diagnostic tests will be performed in a microarray format suitable for personalized medicine. ... 

S, Tsuganezawa K, et al. Photo-cross-linked small-molecule mi- 50. croarrays as chemical genomic tools for dissecting protein-ligand interactions. Chem. Asian J. 2006 1 789-797. 

The human genome opened new scientific fields in biological and clinical scientific areas (7,2) however, some biological information is still unknown that cannot be deciphered by genomics tools, particularly the dynamics of... 

Chain. P., Kurtz, S., Ohlebusch, E., and Slezak, T. (2003) An applications-focused review of comparative genomics tools capabilities, limitations and future challenges. Brief. Bioinform. 4, 105-123. 

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