General Description of the Method

Here I(P) is the unit line intensity at point P lying on /. P i and Pc2 are the points of intersection of the line / and the detector boundaries. If absorption between the scattering point A2 and the detector is neglected, the integral can easily be calculated, because the number of photons between rays Ri and R2 of the cone remains unchanged. Then we can write for the registered intensity  

Here 1/7 is the dihedral angle between two planes. Both share a common line -the incident ray T1T2. The first plane passes through point P i and the second one passes through the point Pc2- 

Finding the intersection points and Pc2 can be realized in various ways. In the previous work of the author, the equation of the conic in polar coordinates was used  

A prerequisite for using this equation is finding for each incident ray the corresponding coordinate system, coordinates of the focus and parameters p, e of the conic. To find the coordinates of the focus and parameters p,e of the conic the Dandelin sphere was used.  

Another possibility of applying this method is using a general equation of a conic. The general equation of a conic can be mathematically expressed by a second degree polynomial  

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One variant of ESR method should be mentioned in this connection, namely, the recombination-kinetic method widely used by our laboratory in the Institute of Chemical Physics (Academy of Sciences, Moscow, U.S.S.R). This method opened the possibilities of observation of extremely slow diffusion (D 5 1 O 17 to 10 18 cm2 s linear velocities of paramagnetic centers 10 7 cms-1) and of the studies of both intra-globular (e.g., caused by segmental motion) and interglobular recombination of paramagnetic labels in proteins and other biopolymers (see Ref. 1 for general description of the method). 

See p. 14 for a general description of the method and for list of abbreviations used. 

For a general description of the method, and explanation of the abbreviations employed, see pp. 13, 14. Triple line, of which only one wave-length is given. 

General Description of the Method.—Having discussed the process which may be employed for the production of potassium nitrate from potassium chloride and sodium nitrate, a general statement may now be given of the conditions under which one pair of salts... 

This section presents a brief description of the methods for determining the building response to explosions and how to interpret that response in terms of consequences to the building. Appendix B contains a general discussion on the principles of building design and evaluation for explosion effects. 

Since studies bearing on the role of molybdenum in milk xanthine oxidase have depended heavily on the EPR method, it is convenient to precede detailed discussion by a general description of the various molyb-denum(V) EPR signals which have been obtained from the enzyme. 

A more general description of the effects of vibronic coupling can be made using the model Hamiltonian developed by Koppel, Domcke and Cederbaum [65], The basic idea is the same as that used in Section III.C, that is to assume a quasidiabatic representation, and to develop a Hamiltonian in this picture. It is a useful model, providing a simple yet accurate analytical expression for the coupled PES manifold, and identifying the modes essential for the non-adiabatic effects. As a result it can be used for comparing how well different dynamics methods perform for non-adiabatic systems. It has, for example, been used to perform benchmark full-dimensional (24-mode) quantum dynamics calculations... 

In this case, although the reported enthalpy of reaction refers to the difference 7/yh (B) —//ja (A), where Ta and 7], represent the selected temperatures of the peak onset and offset, respectively, an approach based on the thermokinetic analysis of the measured curve was used to compute the peak baseline, and a very detailed description of the method used to derive the thermodynamic and kinetic data is given by the authors. Finally, a general and very important application of... 

The techniques and apparatus which have been developed to measure electrolytic conductivities in nonaqueous solutions have been adapted from aqueous conductivity measurements with some modifications. Direct current measurements suffer the limitation of requiring reversible electrodes - a serious limitation in nonaqueous solvents. Although this problem can be circumvented U in some instances, virtually all precision conductance data have been taken using the alternating current method. General descriptions of this method are given in several sources. 2>3)... 

About 1943, a simplified method for ealen of deton velocities of solid organic expls was developed at the Explosives Research.Laboratory (ERL), Bruceton, Pennsylvania. As there was no report issued at that time but just an unpublished letter of E.M. Boggs F.J. Martin addressed to Brinkley, a brief description of the method was given by him in Ref 39, p 87 In the ERL method, the general equation of state (See our eq 23), with a single covolume constant per unit mass of gaseous expln product, was used and the decompn scheme which leads to quantitative formation of water,... 

Analysis of Mercurial Matters.—Already a short description of the method of analysis pursued in determining the richness of mercurial ores has been given, and although the system of analysis to which reference will now be made is analogous te that described, still, since it is more applicable to mercurial compounds in general, it deserves a short space here. It is known as Millon s method, and is conducted as follows —... 

It is difficult to predict a priori which preparative method will produce the most active and selective catalyst or which preparative method will affect which, if any, of the previously mentioned properties. A great number of recipes have appeared in the patent literature, but any detailed description of the methods which yield the most active and selective catalyst, at least from a commercial viewpoint, remains proprietary. Of course, this makes it very difficult to make comparisons between experimental catalysts and commercial catalysts. Nevertheless, a number of general chemical variables have been identified as important in attempting to produce a specific catalyst. For example, for molybdate catalysts prepared by precipitation, these variables include the temperature of the precipitation, the concentration of the reagents, the aging of the precipitate, and the temperature of the calcination (6J). For supported catalysts, the nature of the support also becomes an important variable in determining the final catalytic activity and selectivity. 

The pT-method can also be applied to assess liquids (untreated and treated wastewater, surface waters and groundwater). All data from aquatic toxicity tests used to detect pollutants can be integrated into this method. A general description of the pT-method is given in Chapter 3 of this volume. The present chapter specifically addresses the application of the pT-method to sediments and dredged material in order to classify and categorize the hazard associated with the degree of contamination of these matrices. 

Purpose or scope—A brief description of the method objective. Summary of methodology—A general description of the methodology used. 

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