General construction

A schematic diagram showing the general construction of an arc or spark source. Actual construction details depend partly on whether samples need to be analyzed automatically. The sample material can be placed on the cathode or can even compose the whole of the cathode. If graphite is used, the sample needs to be pressed into the shape of a cathode after admixture with the carbon. 

Year Consumer Producer Industrial chemicals Chemical equipment Process plants Petroleum refinery General construction f... 

Sump Pumps These are small single-stage vertical pumps used to drain shahowpits or sumps. They are of the same general construction as vertical process pumps but are not designed for severe operating conditions. 

Low-carbon ("mild") steel Fe -r 0.04 to 0.3 C Low-stress uses. General constructional steel, suitable... 

Cast facings, walkways, etc. and as component of concrete. General construction. 

Fig. 28.6. Fatigue data for welded joints in clean air. The class given to a weld depends critically on the weld detail and the loading direction. Classes B and C must be free from cracks and must be ground flush with the surface to remove stress concentrations. These conditions ore rarely met in practice, and most welds used in general construction hove comparatively poor fatigue properties.

The cylinder is generally constructed of cast iron and includes the water jacket. The bore is machined and brought to a good finish to reduce the vane sliding friction. The inlet and outlet connections are flanged. The heads, which also house the bearings and stuffing box, are also made of cast iron. 

Another option is to use open filters, which are generally constructed in concrete. They are normally rectangular in configuration. The filter mass is posed on a filter bottom, provided with its own drainage system, including bores that are needed for the flow of filtered water as well as for countercurrent washing with water or air. 

The vessel is generally constructed of carbon steel that has been heat treated. Control of metal hardness is required because of the potential of sulfide-stress cracking. The iron-sponge vessel is either internally coated or clad with stainless steel. 

The benzazepines, veri 1 opam (79) and anilopam (81), for example, represent significant departures from the above generalization. Construction of the former starts with the alkylation of veratrylamine (74) with the dimethyl acetal of bromoacetaldehyde to give the secondary amine 7, Cyclization under acidic conditions leads to the benzazepine... 

Page.J. S., Estimators General Construction Man-Hour Manual, 2nd ed.. Gulf Publishing Co., Houston, Texas, 1977. 

The performance analysis of these trays is quite similar to bubble caps, but more so to valve trays, because the tray has the same basic mechanical features. The difference being that bubble caps and valves are replaced by perforations or holes in the tray for entrance of the gas to the liquid on the tray. Figures 8-67A and 8-118 and 119 represent the general construction of a sieve tray. 

The general construction features and materials are quite similar to the lohe type units. For comparison selections, refer to Huff, Patton,Price,Ahraham, and Van Ormer. ... 

A vaneaxial fan consists of an axial flow wheel within a cylinder combined with a set of air guide vanes located either before or after the wheel. The vaneaxial fan is designed to move air or gases over a wide range of volumes and pressures. It is generally constructed of sheet metal, although cast metal fan wheels are sometimes furnished. 

Galvanising baths are generally constructed from special mild steel boiler plate having very small amounts of trace elements so that they are not rapidly attacked by molten zinc but they can be made of ceramic materials and heated from the top or by immersion heaters. 

Even the most reliable contractor or subcontractor may not be familiar with the requirements of a laboratory. He bases his bid on standard materials and procedures that he is accustomed to using for general construction. On the other hand, he may also throw in sophisticated and costly extras that are not required. It is for these reasons that everything must be well defined and crosschecked. Specifying materials and components by trade name is recommended. In many cases, of coimse, other brands could be acceptable, but it should be agreed that a switch can not be made without the laboratory operator s knowledge and approval. 

It is important to recognize the different concepts conveyed by the terms model and simulation, even though these terms are sometimes used interchangeably. As noted above, a model is a general construct in which the parts of a system and the interactions between these parts are identified. The model is necessarily simpler than the original system, although it may itself take on a rather complicated form. It consists of ingredients and proposals for their interactions. 

Figure 1 Generalized construction of a screened weU and an open-hole well...

The mechanical design features of sieve plates are described in this section. The same general construction is also used for bubble-cap and valve plates. Details of the various... 

The general construction of a British plain detonator is shown in Fig. 9.1 other countries in general adopt similar designs. 

Bombs carried by aircraft can be made of lighter construction than shell, because they do not have to resist the acceleration of firing from a gun. The general construction is shown in Fig. 15.4, but differences exist according to the detailed purpose for which the bomb is to be used. 

N-Aziridinylimines are valuable substrates for domino radical cydizations since they are able to serve simultaneously as radical acceptors and donors. They allow a versatile and general construction of quaternary carbon centers from carbonyl compounds [33]. By employing this methodology, an elegant and stereoselective synthesis of ( )-modhephene (3-70), one of the rare naturally occurring [3.3.3]propellanes,... 

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