Gears lubrication

The most common VI improvers are methacrylate polymers and copolymers, acrylate polymers (see Acrylic ester polymers), olefin polymers and copolymers, and styrene—butadiene copolymers. The degree of VI improvement from these materials is a function of the molecular weight distribution of the polymer. VI improvers are used in engine oils, automatic transmission fluids, multipurpose tractor fluids, hydrautic fluids, and gear lubricants. Their use permits the formulation of products that provide satisfactory lubrication over a much wider temperature range than is possible using mineral oils alone. 

Gearing is single hehcal or spur gear lubrication usually is an automatic spray type. Single drives are used up to 150 kW. Kilns requiring more than 150 kW may be equipped with dual drives, i.e., two driving... 

Universal at 100° F) and a viscosity index of 95. They contain necessary oxidation inhibitors and antiwear agents, as the same oil is used for bearings and gear lubrication. Oils tend to retain water, either from steam condensation or from condensation that occurs in the tanks. The presence of water is detrimental as it encourages the for-... 

The excellent chemical resistance of Aflas has led to important applications in oilfields and, more recently, in the car industry in place of FKM rubbers because of the better resistance to new types of engine oils, transmission fluids, gear lubricants and engine coolants. 

The lubrication requirements of gears vary considerably and create the need for specifically formulated products. This, combined with the diversity of automotive and industrial gear types, has led to the introduction of several specifications for gear lubricants (see Figure 52.7). 

Industrial lubrication Machine tools and metal cutting Lubricants for heavy industry Gear lubrication Hydraulic fluids Machine shop lubricants Cutting fluids Compressor lubrication Greases... 

Gear lubricants In addition to the usual oxidation and corrosion inhibitors, lubricants for heavily loaded gears almost always contain EP additives containing sulphur, chlorine or phosphorus. In order to function, these additives must react locally with the metal surfaces, and yet the extent of the reaction should not be such that it could be described as corrosive, or promote fatigue pitting . These EP additives may be quite safe with ferrous metal surfaces, but may cause severe corrosion on copper alloys, e.g. on bronze worm wheels if for any reason excessive temperatures arise. 

These grades have been developed to give improved chemical resistance to automotive fluids such as gear lubricants, transmission and power steering fluids, engine oils, and rust inhibited engine coolants. Resistance to aromatic hydrocarbons is reduced. 

A variety of barium sulfonates have found use in antifriction lubricants for high speed bearing applications. Calcium and sodium salts of sulfonated olefins, esters, or oils are used for the enhancement of extreme pressure properties of grease and gear lubricants,... 

AGM A specifications covering gear lubricants. The viscosity ranges of the AGMA numbers conform to the International Standards Organization (ISO) viscosity classification system (see ISO viscosity classification system). AGMA numbers and their viscosity ranges are as follows ... 

American Gear Manufacturers Association. An organization for the promotion of industrial gear lubricant standards. Association of Hydraulic Equipment Manufacturers. Association of International Automobile Manufacturers. 

Lubricant Review Institute a body associated with SAE which qualifies heavy-duty engine oil and gear lubricants for the industry and the U.S. military. 

Compressor Metalworking Fluids Industrial Gear Lubricants... 

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