Fusion temperature

A quantitative investigation of the film-forming properties of acety-lated starch fractions obtained by the butanol precipitation method of Schoch has substantiated this belief and has revealed that, while the 

Typical stress-strain curves for this unplasticized amylose triacetate film and for film containing 20% dibutyl phthalate plasticizer are shown 

In general, the properties of these amylose triacetate films are very similar to those of cellulose triacetate films. A comparison of some of their properties is given in Table II. 

Amylose triacetate prepared from butanol-precipitated starch may be plasticized with almost any of the common plasticizers which are applicable to the plasticization of cellulose triacetate. For example, some suitable plasticizers are dimethyl or diethyl tartrate, tributyl citrate, tributyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, polyethylene glycol, and pentaerythritol tetraacetate. Addition of only 10-20% plasticizer is sufficient to give amylose triacetate films a useful and lasting degree of 

Compariton 4 Propetiiet cj UnplatUlicited Films of Amylose TriacetaU and Cdhdose Triacetate 

Stress-strain relationship of amylose triacetate film containing 

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Fusion reactors Fusion temperatures Fuzz fibers... 

Wood wastes have ash compositions that are quite alkaline (Table 6) and that have consequent low ash fusion temperatures (Table 7). When firing soHd ... 

Table 7. Ash Fusion Temperatures for Some Wood Waste Ash, K ...

Normally ca 50% of the coal ash is removed from the bottom of the gasifier as a quenched slag. The balance is carried overhead in the gas as droplets which are solidified when the gas is cooled with a water spray. A fluxing agent is added, if required, to the coal to lower the ash fusion temperature and increase the molten slag viscosity. 

Plasmas at fusion temperatures cannot be kept in ordinary containers because the energetic ions and electrons would rapidly coUide with the walls and dissipate theit energy. A significant loss mechanism results from enhanced radiation by the electrons in the presence of impurity ions sputtered off the container walls by the plasma. Therefore, some method must be found to contain the plasma at elevated temperature without using material containers. 

Dentistry. Most casting alloys meet the composition and properties criteria of specification no. 5 of the American Dental Association (37) which prescribes four types of alloy systems constituted of gold—silver—copper with addition of platinum, palladium, and 2inc. Composition ranges are specified, as are mechanical properties and minimum fusion temperatures. Wrought alloys for plates also may include the same constituents. Similarly, specification no. 7 prescribes nickel and two types of alloys for dental wires with the same alloy constituents (see Dental materials). 

Wood ash generally contains calcium, potassium, phosphoms, magnesium, and siUca. Ashes recovered from burned wood are - 25% water soluble and the extract is strongly alkaline. The ash fusion temperature is in the range of 1300 to 1500°C. 

A satisfactory solder must not corrode or tarnish in the mouth fluids, ie, it must be sufficiently noble in composition, and its composition must be such that its solution potential approximates that of the metal upon which it is used. A solder s fusion temperature must be lower (by at least 100°C) than that of the alloy upon which it is employed so that the alloy is not fused during soldering. In the case of wires, the solder s melting temperature must be less than the recrystallization temperature of the metal. 

The greatest improvement in the manufacture of indigotin came when sodamide was used with alkali in the conversion of phenylglycine to indoxyl (125). Not only was the fusion temperature lowered from about 300°C to 200°C, but also the reaction was made practically anhydrous by the sodamide... 

Potassium salts. In this operation, potassium chloride (KCl) is introduced to the rotaiy Idln at a fineness of minus 100 mesh and containing 9 percent water. The salt is brought to the fusion temperature... 

Ash fusion temperatures, including the spread between initial deformation temperature and fluid temperature... 

Fusion temperature Fluxing temperature temperature at which fusion occurs in vinyl dispersions. 

The ash content of the coal is significant, not only in its mass but also with respect to the constituents of the ash, the fusion temperature, the range of fusion temperature between initial deformation and actual fusion and the amount of coal fines present. 

If the fusion temperature is about 300°, the yield of platinum oxide is very low, at higher temperatures the yield increases, and at temperatures of 450° and higher it is practically quantitative. With a proper fusion a slightly lower yield than quantitative is generally not due to non-precipitation of the platinum but to loss by spattering and to deposition of a small amount on the casserole. 

Palladous oxide,3/ PdO, may be prepared by the fusion of palladous chloride with sodium nitrate, and is an effective catalyst in hydrogenation, the most active form being produced when the fusion temperature is 600°,... 

The temperature at which ash particles change from a liquid to a solid. A high ash fusion temperature indicates that the ash particle will quickly change to a solid after burning and is less likely to adhere to a boiler fireside surface (as slag). 

Figure 8. The temperature dependence of the heat capacity in the condensed state for adamantane [5] as measured by a scanning calorimeter. Tu, stands for temperature of transition from rigid crystal (fee) to plastic crystal (cubic) state of adamantane and Tfas stands for fusion temperature.

Oxide glasses have been reported by Crisp Wilson (1978a,b, 1979), Wilson et al. (1980), and Hill Wilson (1988a). The fusion mixtures contain silica, alumina and calcium carbonate to which sodium carbonate or calcium orthophosphate may be added. They may be represented thus, with fusion temperature given in parentheses ... 

Sharma, R.K., Palmer, H.B. (1974) Vapor pressures of biphenyl near fusion temperature. J. Chem. Eng. Data 19, 6-8. 

Here /g,hq and y ,ss are the activity coefficients of component B in the liquid and solid solutions at infinite dilution with pure solid and liquid taken as reference states. A fus A" is the standard molar entropy of fusion of component A at its fusion temperature Tfus A and AfusGg is the standard molar Gibbs energy of fusion of component B with the same crystal structure as component A at the melting temperature of component A. 

In Figure 6.7, different interfacial tensions or energies of metals are correlated with the fusion temperature in the form 7 fus-Vrm. In general the ratio of the average surface energy of the solid to the surface tension of the liquid is around 1.2... 

Here A vac. S and A vacH are the molar entropy and enthalpy of formation of the defects. Using a pure metal like aluminium as an example, the fractional number of defects, heat capacity and enthalpy due to defect formation close to the fusion temperature are 5-10-4, 0.3 J K-1 mol-1 and 30 J mol-1 [30],... 

Ttrp = triple point temperature T(us = fusion temperature rfre = freezing temperature... 

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