Functional bioactive glasses

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M.M. Pereira, J.R. Jones, L.L. Bench, Bioactive Glass and Hybrid Scaffolds Prepared by Sol-Gel Method for Bone Tissue Engineering, Advances in Applied Ceramics Structural, Functional Bioceramics, 104(1), 35-42 (2005). 

Marelli B, Ghezzi CE, Mohn D, Stark WJ, Barralet JE, Boccaccini AR, et al. Accelerated mineralization of dense coUagen-nano bioactive glass hybrid gels increases scaffold stiffness and regulates osteoblastic function. Biomaterials 2011 32 8915-26. 

Fig. 19 (a) Water contact angle measurements as a function of time of (A) electrospun PCL/bioactive glass fibers with diameters of 260 60 nm, (S) electrospun PCL/bioactive glass fibers with diameters of 600 166 nm, and (C) electrospun PCL control scaffold. Reprinted with permission from [164], Copyright (2013) American Chemical Society, (b) Representative stress-strain curves of PCL/S102 electrospun membranes at different wt% compositions. Reprinted with permission from [137], Copyright (2010) Elsevier... 

Comparing structural information from X-ray and neutron diffraction provides a very valuable way to validate MD simulation results of glasses. In some simple systems, the partial pair distribution function or partial structure factors of all atom pairs can be determined experimentally and they provide excellent validations for simulated structures. However, as the composition becomes more complicated and more elements included, larger number of pair contributions will complicate the comparison and the validation becomes more and more difficult in multicomponent glass systems. For example, for binary oxides, e.g. sodium silicate, there are six partial pair distribution functions, but for a four component systems, for example the bioactive glass composition, there are a total of fifteen partials contributions. The overlap between partial contributions makes it very challenging to assign the peaks and to determine the quality of comparison and hence the validation of the simulated structure models. 

Production and potential of bioactive glass nanofibers as a next-generation biomaterial. Advanced Functional Materials, 16(12), 1529-35. 

Ban, S., Hasegawa, J., Maruno, S., (1999), Fabrication and properties of functionally graded bioactive composites comprising hydroxyapatite containing glass coated titanium , Mat. Sci. Forum., 308-311, 350-355. 

The hydrophobias are a case where protein nanofibers can play a dual role in creating a biosensor. They can aid in the immobilization of bioactive components within a biosensor and also add further functionality to the transducing element of a biosensor device. Hydrophobins are self-assembling [3-sheet structures observed on the hyphae of filamentous fungi. They are surface active and aid the adhesion of hyphae to hydrophobic surfaces (Corvis et al., 2005). These properties can be used to create hydrophobia layers on glass electrodes. These layers can then facilitate the adsorption of two model enzymes glucose oxidase (GOX) and hydrogen peroxidase (HRP) to the electrode surface. The hydrophobin layer also enhances the electrochemical properties of the electrodes. 

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