Fuel different types

Plastics are polymers made from various hydrocarbons found in fossil fuels. Different types of plastics have different ingredients in their polymers, but nearly all of them are chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen and other elements. 

In wet storage of aluminium clad spent nuclear fuel, different types of corrosion can occur. A short discussion of the more important types of corrosion as they pertain to the aluminium alloys is provided below. 

Table 5.9 shows the octane specifications for the different types of fuels distributed in France. 

Mobile sources therefore consist of many different types of vehicles, powered by engines using different cycles, fueled by a variety of products, and emitting varying amounts of both simple and complex pollutants. Table 6-4 includes the more common mobile sources. 

Biodiesel is diesel fuel produced from vegetable oils and other renewable resources. Many different types of oils can he used, including animal fats, used cooking oils, and soybean oil. Biodiesel is miscible with petroleum diesels and can he used in biodiesel-diesel blends. Most often blends are 20 percent biodiesel and 80 percent traditional diesel. Soy diesel can be used neat (100%), hut many other types of biodiesel are too viscous, especially in winter, and must be used in blends to remain fluid. The properties of the fuel will vaiy depending on the raw material used. Typical values for biodiesel are shown in Table 1. 

The use of widely differing types of fuel with various heating values... 

One of several different types of flue-gas analysis equipment (such as electronic, Fyrite, or Or sat types). They are used to determine boiler fuel combustion efficiency. 

The basic approach taken in the analytical studies of composite-propellant combustion represents a modification of the studies of double-base propellants. For composite propellants, it has been assumed that the solid fuel and solid oxidizer decompose at the solid surface to yield gaseous fuel and oxidizing species. These gaseous species then intermix and react in the gas phase to yield the final products of combustion and to establish the flame temperature. Part of the gas-phase heat release is then transferred back to the solid phase to sustain the decomposition processes. The temperature profile is assumed to be similar to the situation associated with double-base combustion, and, in this sense, combustion is identical in the two different types of propellants. 

The dynamic behavior of fuel cells is of importance to insure the stable operation of the fuel cells under various operating conditions. Among a few different fuel cell types, the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) has been known to have advantages especially for portable... 

Some general comments may be made of some of the different types of fuels. The use of coal has been on the decline, and there has been an increase in petroleum and natural gas... 

The list of different types of cells must include fuel cells these have a commercial identity and their general principles will be described later. 

Much wood has been used for the construction of dwellings and public buildings, vehicles and vessels and for functional and decorative objects for everyday life and/or ceremonial rituals. Until the eighteenth century wood was also the main source of fuel for heating and illumination and, since the second half of the nineteenth century, one of the major raw materials for making paper. It is of interest, therefore, to discuss the composition and properties of wood in general as well as the characteristics of wood from different types of trees and shrubs that were used in the past (Hackens et al. 1988). 

While the use of low-sulfur fuels is one mechanism to reduce sulfur dioxide emission, alternatively most approaches focus on scrubbing or ridding the emissions in smoke stacks of sulfur dioxide gas. A number of different types of scrubbers, i.e., sulfur dioxide removal systems, are available for industry. One system sprays the flue gas into a liquid solution of sodium hydroxide. The hydroxide combines with SO2 and O2 to form the corresponding sulfate which can be removed from the aqueous solution ... 

There are six different types of fuel cells (Table 1.6) (1) alkaline fuel cell (AFC), (2) direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC), (3) molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), (4) phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), (5) proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), and (6) the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). They all differ in applications, operating temperatures, cost, and efficiency. 

Mattisson, T., Johansson, M., and Lyngfelt, A., Multicycle reduction and oxidation of different types of iron oxide particles-application to chemical-looping combustion, Energy Fuels, 18(3), 628, 2004. 

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