From Time Immemorial

Biomass is generally made up of polymers, oligomers, monomers, and other nonpolymerizable simple organic compounds, including metallic salts and complexes [17,29,30]. Polymers are, of course, the major components and have been serving human civilizations from time immemorial. The literature on natural polymers is vast and only a few reviews and books are cited here for further reference [3,17,18,24,29-31,37-53]. The outstanding aspect of natural polymers is their wide variety, which provides innumerable opportunities for structural modifications and utilization. 

The causal organism of this disease, which must have existed undetected from time immemorial, was isolated and verified in 1977 and called L. pneumophila. 

Natural products have been noted for their potential health benefits from time immemorial and are the basis of Ayurveda, an ancient Indian medical practice (Bushkin and Bushkin, 2002). However, the potential benefits of several natural products reside in one or two active ingredients. For example green tea stands for polyphenols, soy for soy estrogens, broccoli for isothiocyanates and grape seed for polyphenols. The beauty of rice bran is that there are more than 100 antioxidants, several categories of bioactive phytonutrients, such as IP6, polyphenols, phytosterols, tocotrienols, y-oryzanol, B vitamins, minerals and trace minerals in addition to fat, protein, fiber, polysaccharides and other nutrients. These phytonutrients and antioxidants of rice bran are believed to act at the cellular level, and their synergestic function is responsible for the positive health benefits. 

The deceptive serenity of the sky as it has caressed the eye of humanity from time immemorial is perhaps the very condition for the nurture of rational thought. If from the beginning our eye had seen all these phenomena, and not only the calm suns, would our soul not have suffered perpetual torment In the last century, was the revelation of creative violence that unendingly shakes and reshapes the Cosmos the prelude to a spiritual transformation of our civilisation In the words of Roberto Matta, the great surrealist painter revolution means changing the sky. 

Common salt used as a condiment and as a preservative was known from time immemorial. In the time of Dioscorides and Pliny, it was described as derived from various... 

The hemp plant, Cannabis sativa (Figure 18.1), when cultivated in warm climates, develops products that affect the central nervous system, and has been used as an intoxicant in Asiatic countries and Africa from time immemorial, under the names of hashish, bhang, ganja, charas, or churrus. Some of the preparations are smoked either alone or mixed with tobacco others form an intoxicating drink, and in others the plant is mixed with sugar or honey and taken as a confection. 

From time immemorial, surface water played a pivotal role to human life as a source of drinking water because of its easy access compared with any other water source. A few decades ago, the use of contaminated surface water sources was found to contribute to the transmission of waterborne bacterial diseases. Thus, a paradigm shift in water usage from surface to groundwater was inevitable. 

From time immemorial it has been thought that codes, or conventions, exist only in the mutable world of culture, while nature is governed by immutable laws. The discovery that a genetic code is at the very heart of life came therefore as a bolt from the blue. And people rushed... 

Ayton was wrong in supposing that the G.D. had existed from time immemorial. It was a very recent (1888) foundation. The suggestion that Gardner could now use his room for all sorts of experiences implies that he could practise certain rituals, such as the Lesser Banishing Ritual of the Pentagram, without the participation of other Adepts. 

The blue starch iodine complex has been used from time immemorial as an indicator in aqueous iodometric titrations water is required for development of the blue color. The color sensitivity is decreased with increasing temperature and also with increasing concentration of ethanol [134]. Although one might imagine this to be evidence for a charge-transfer complex,... 

The fascinating and mysterious phenomenon ol symmetry has been thrilling a man from time immemorial. More than once the symmetry theory helped to penetrate the nature s secrets. 

Parsley, celery, celeriac, carrots, and parsnips are members of the same group of plants. Parsley has been known and used from time immemorial. Introduced into the United States during the early days of colonization, it has been grown to some extent as a home, market-garden, and truck-crop plant, but its culture has not attained great commercial importance. Market gardeners and truck-crop producers often plant a small area to meet the moderate demand that exists. 

From what Marx says about the Asiatic mode of production, it appears as unchanging from time immemorial. Often we find statements to the... 

Cooks around the world have known how to prepare good soup using vegetables and meat or bones from time immemorial. Traditionally, the Japanese culture has used... 

Swaziland, herbal medicine has been the main vehicle for delivering health to the majority of people from time immemorial. The practice has been flourishing in the country as far back as 1894 to the extent that it caught the attention of the colonial administration which made efforts to outlaw it (8). It is currently estimated that about 85% of the population patronise herbal medicine and rely on it for their primary health care (P). The poprrlarity of traditiorral medic practice in the cormtry is because of the following socio-crrltrrral reasorts (3) ... 

Physiological Action of Alcohol,—From time immemorial the action of alcohol on the human body has been a controversial subject, and upon many points contrary opinions have been held. The Advisory Comm ittee appointed by the Central Control Board (Liquor Traffic) have published a report dealing exhaustively with the subject, and suggesting basis for further research. The following is a summary of the unanimous conclusions of the Committep —... 

After all, from time immemorial, carbohydrate chemists have been quite concerned with physical chemistry. Let us consider the attempt to understand optical rotation using the means of thattime, the Hudson rules. Although they have been nearly forgotten—we will not discuss them—the spirit remains and most carbohydrate chemists, although mainly concerned with synthetic problems, find it necessary to examine carefully the physicochemistry of their molecules using modem methods, possibly using ab initio and MM calculations. .. The reader will find, here and there, and more particularly in Chapters 1,2, and 9, a selection of recent results. 

The naturally occurring llavones are yellow and are very widely distributed in plants. They accumulate in almost any part of a plant, from the roots to the flower petals. Unlike the anthocyanins, which are too reactive and short-lived, the much more stable llavones have, from time immemorial, been used as dyes, for they impart various shades of yellow to wool. As an example, the inner bark of one of the North American oaks, Quercus velutina, was a commercial material known as quercitron bark and much used in dyeing it contains quercetrin. The corresponding aglycone, quercetin, is one of the most widely occurring flavones, found, for example, in Chrysanthemum and Rhododendron species, horse chestnuts, lemons, onions and hops. 

Rockets have been known in China and India from time immemorial, and have long been employed for war purpoeen. It aeemi) probable, from the aenountn, that they were employed against the force. of Alexander of Mucedon at the farthest point of his Eastern advance. 

Gold has from time immemorial formed one of the principal exports from Tibet. The principal gold-fields are found in the Chang-Tang, or Northern Desert, and also in the territory east of... 

---