From some other Sources

This state of affairs is summarized in Fig. 9.4a, which plots contours for different values of [77] in terms of compatible combinations of mj /nij and a/b. For the aqueous serum albumin described in Example 9.1 as an illustration, any solvation-ellipticity combination which corresponds roughly to [77] = 5 is possible for this system. Data from some other source are needed to pin down a more specific characterization. 

If utilities are supplied to the new project from some other source, the cost and amount must be determined. If purchased from a second party, the cost will be determined by contract and can be estimated by discussions with the vendor. If utilities are transferred from an affiliated source, the cost must include a profit to the supplying entity. Some estimators use a lower return on utility plants than on a new hydrocarbon processing unit, since the utility can be used for some alternate plant if the new one shuts down for any reason. However, the preferred analysis allows a high enough utility transfer price to provide the same return on the utilities as the new unit being studied. This can require a trial and error approach, especially if the utilities are a significant part of the selling price of the product. 

R (from some other source) + Propagation then occurs by... 

There is the further, although remote, possibility that the only substantial variation in the composition of pectinic acids obtained from fruits and beets, and from some other sources, might be the result of differences in the occurrence in these of natural enzymes acting upon pectic substances. Pectinic acids isolated from beets have been shown to contain acetyl groups,8 the mode of attachment of which to the poly-... 

If the perturbations are in the form of spikes of an irregular nature, the problem is likely to be detector contamination. Such spikes are especially observed when dust particles have settled into the FID flame orifice. Of course, the problem may also be due to interference from electrical pulses from some other source nearby. Regular spikes can be due to condensation in the flow lines causing the carrier, or hydrogen (FID), to pulse, or they can be due to a bubble flow meter attached to the outlet of the TCD, as well as the electrical pulses referred to above. Baseline perturbations can also be caused by pulses in the carrier flow due to a faulty flow valve or pressure regulator. 

It was recently found that females exposed to bedding from mature intact males showed a significantly higher incidence of proestrus than females exposed to the bedding of mature gonadectomized males [68]. It has, however, not yet been established whether this effect arises from the ventral secretion of the males, from constituents of male urine, or from some other source. 

Among fish we find some of the most potent toxins in animals. We dis-tinguish passivelj toxic fish from actively toxic fish. The former simply have toxins in their tissues, typically taken from some other source such as their diet. The latter produce the poison and have evolved apparatus to discharge, deliver, or inj ect the... 

One effect of the greater flexibility inherent in the INDO scheme is that valence bond angles are predicted with much greater accuracy than is the case for CNDO. Nevertheless, overall molecular geometries predicted from INDO tend to be rather poor. However, if a good molecular geometry is available from some other source (ideally experiment) the INDO method has considerable potential for modeling the UV/Vis spectroscopy of the compound because of its better treatment of one-center electronic interactions. 

If there is introduced into the solution from some other source an ion that is in common with an ion of the insoluble solid, the chemical equilibrium is shifted to the left, and the solubility of that solid will be greatly decreased from what it is in pure water. This is called the 11 common-ion effect." This effect is important in gravimetric analysis, where one wishes to precipitate essentially all of the ion being analyzed for, by adding an excess of the "common-ion" precipitating reagent. There is a practical limit to the excess, however, which involves such factors as purity of precipitate and possibility of complex formation. You can calculate the solubility under a variety of conditions, as illustrated in the following problem. 

For boilers with operating pressures Over 1000 psi (68 atm) cation conductivity of the condensate should normally run between 0.2 and 0.5 micromhos. A reading above this limit indicates the presence of condenser leakage or contamination from some other source. The source of the contamination should be investigated and remedied at the first opportunity. However, when a cation conductivity limit of 1.0 is readied, the internal water treatment and blowdown must be changed appropriately. 

YETI [198] is a force field designed for the accurate representation of nonbonded interactions. It is most often used for modeling interactions between biomolecules and small substrate molecules. The molecular geometry optimization for the component molecules is not previewed so that it has been obtained from some other source, such as AMBER. Then YETI is used to model the docking. 

Acyl chlorides and anhydrides must be protected from water because they react readily, often vigorously, with water to produce carboxylic acids. This reaction is not of much synthetic usefulness because the acyl chloride or anhydride is usually prepared from the acid. However, the hydrolysis reaction is occasionally used for the preparation of a carboxylic acid if the acyl chloride or anhydride is available from some other source. The following equation provides an example ... 

In much the same way the reaction of sulfite with oxygen-labeled Mn02 yields oxygen-labeled sulfate, with the label diluted fourfold, showing that one oxygen in every four in the resulting sulfate came from Mn02, rather than from some other source. 

If a self-diffusion constant M can be measured approximately through one of the approaches discussed in Exp. 5, a molecular diameter d can be obtained directly from Eq. (35). Conversely, Eqs. (34) and (35) can be used to estimate a diffusion constant if molecular diameters are known from some other source or to calculate self-diffusion constants from binary diffusion constants (or vice versa) by calculating first the molecular diameters. In the latter case, it can be argued that any remaining approximations in the treatment will largely cancel out. 

The role of glycogen degradation in the liver is to form glucose for export to other tissues when the blood-glucose level is low. Hence, if free glucose is present from some other source such as diet, there is no need to mobilize glycogen. (Consequently, in the liver, the action of phosphorylase is sensitive... 

Whether formed from acetylene or from some other sources, PAHs are widely distributed in the solar system. As mentioned earlier, PAHs are found in the atmospheres of Jupiter and Titan [37]. They have also been detected in meteorites, including the Martian meteorite Allan Hills 84001 [43], in interplanetary dust [44], and in circumstellar graphite grains [45]. The ubiquity of these complex organic structures and their stability under extreme conditions is a significant factor in discussions of the origin of life on earth and the possibility of its existence elsewhere. 

In the case where energy deposited in an atmosphere by EUV radiation or from some other source declines exponentially with time, the flux Fi of constituent 1 is given by... 

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