Fourier transform IR spectroscopy FTIR

Sodium and ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl ethoxysulfate, and several shampoos containing these sulfates have been analyzed directly by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR) with a special sample cell, called... 

The electrodes modified by hexacyano-ferrates compounds were also used as voltammetric sensors [409-412]. The cadmium hexacyanoferrate-based composite ion-sensitive electrode for voltammetry was explored by Scholz and coworkers [409]. The potential of such electrode depends linearly on the logarithm of concentration of alkali and alkaline-earth metals ions in the solutions. Bo and fin have studied [410] Prussian blue (PB)/Pt modified electrode in GdGh electrolyte by cyclic voltammetry and in situ Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR) spectro-electrochemistry. Cadmium hexacyanofer-rates were formed on a PB film. 

The measurement of acidity in paper documents with cold- and hot-water extraction frequently distorts and damages the paper fibers and printing inks. Many paper conservators and museum curators have long desired a reliable and rapid method for the detection of acidity of paper documents in a nondestructive manner so that they can determine the acidity routinely to screen out valuable book documents for deacidification or other necessary preservation treatments. The objective of this chapter is to introduce two spectroscopic techniques, namely, Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR) and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA), for chemical analysis of paper surfaces. The effectiveness of these techniques in analyzing and determining the presence of acidic functional groups on paper documents is demonstrated. 

Schrader B (1990) Possibilities and Limitations of FT-Raman Spectroscopy in Fourier Transform IR Spectroscopy (FTIR), chapt 4. In Ferraro JR, Krishnan K (eds). Academic Press, New York London... 

Spectroscopic probes have been used to characterize the very weak solvent a/v and dipolarity of CO2, as reviewed elsewhere (1,32). Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR) has been used to show that CO2 interacts as an electron acceptor toward carbonyl groups in polymers, based upon splitting of the V2 bending mode of CO2 (33). Equilibrium constants have been... 

These experiments confirmed that IR spectroscopy indeed provides a promising means for the investigation of the uptake of binary mixtures into microporous materials and its kinetics. This successful experiment prompted us to start a systematic study on the adsorption and adsorption kinetics of some aromatics in zeolites by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR) and FTIR microscopy or, more precisely, IR micro -spectroscopy. This topic is dealt with in Sect. 2, where the generally employed apparatuses and procedures are also described. In this context, it should be mentioned that micro-FTIR spectroscopy was also applied by Schiith and coworkers in studying the adsorption of guest molecules in microporous soHds [ 12-14]. 

The effect of anthropogenic pollution on the chemical composition and anatomic structure of bioindicator plants (hydrophytes) was studied with the aid of Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning election microscopy (SEM), and X-ray microanalysis. A correlation between the changes existing in the IR spectrum of the plant samples and anthropogenic pollution of the plant inhabitation is established. Deformation and epidermis cell disruption were revealed in the samples from polluted sites. 

As described in previous LACTOZ reports the experiments were carried out in glass reaction chambers with volumes ranging from 37 to 1080 L at a total pressure of 1000 mbar synthetic air and at temperatures between 243 and 323 K. Most of the analyses of reactants and products for the different types of experiments were performed using long-path in situ Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR), however, other techniques such as gas chromatography, HPLC and TDL spectroscopy were also applied. UV absorption spectra were measured using a diode array spectrometer. 

Two methods, diffuse reflectance IR Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and standard transmittance Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR), were compared to quantitatively determine the amoimts of silicon dioxide and phosphorous pentoxide in mixed water samples. For these studies a range of concentrations of each pure compound were prepared and IR spectra obtained on them. The spectra were analyzed in the regions of 750 to 820 cm for SiOi and 950 to 1050 cm for P2O5 chosen because their respective IR absorptions have minimal overlap in these regions. Using Beer s law plot program from the instrument, a Perkin Elmer 1000, standard curves were established for each compound and used to determine the amoimts of each compoimd in mixed samples. 

Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR) has been applied to the characterisation of pyrrole - ethylamine [29], poly(beta-hydroxybuturate) - beta (hydroxyl valerate) [30], polyethylene terephthalate - bibenzoate [31], polyether oxide - poly(beta-benzyl L-aspartate [32], poly(vinylidene fluoride) - trifluoro-ethylene [33], polyacrylamide methyl acrylate [34], ethylene propylene - diene [35], and styrene methacrylate [16, 25]. 

In this chapter, three methods for measuring the frequencies of the vibrations of chemical bonds between atoms in solids are discussed. Two of them, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, FTIR, and Raman Spectroscopy, use infrared (IR) radiation as the probe. The third, High-Resolution Electron Enetgy-Loss Spectroscopy, HREELS, uses electron impact. The fourth technique. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, NMR, is physically unrelated to the other three, involving transitions between different spin states of the atomic nucleus instead of bond vibrational states, but is included here because it provides somewhat similar information on the local bonding arrangement around an atom. 

In recent years, infrared spectroscopy has been enhanced by the possibility of applying Fourier transform techniques to it. This improved spectroscopic technique, known as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), is of much greater sensitivity than conventional dispersive IR spectroscopy (Skoog West, 1980). Moreover, use of the Fourier transform technique enables spectra to be recorded extremely rapidly, with scan times of only 0-2 s. Thus it is possible to record spectra of AB cements as they set. By comparison, conventional dispersive IR spectroscopy requires long scan times for each spectrum, and hence is essentially restricted to examining fully-set cements. 

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) can now be combined with GC to provide IR spectra on peaks eluting from a capillary column [700-702]. 

Infrared spectroscopy (IR) or Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) are often used to characterize BN products. If pure BN mixtures with B N ratio of 1 1 are analyzed, it will be easy to distinguish between h-BN and c-BN. However, if the chemical composition of the sample is unknown, many artifacts can occur and a clear statement is often not possible. 

Infrared spectroscopy (IR) is one of the oldest instrumental analytical techniques but its value in structural analysis has decreased with the rise of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS). Compared to the traditional dispersive IR techniques, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) offers more sampling techniques. 

A Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis in solid phase in KBr has been performed using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer to analyze and record the spectra before and after the modification of the biomaterial. Representative IR spectra of untreated and succinated biomaterial showed the presence of an... 

The samples were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction (ED), and Mossbauer spectroscopy. XRD analysis was carried out on a HZG-4A diffractometer by using Ni-filtered Co Ka radiation. IR-spectra were recorded on an AVATAR FTIR-330 spectrometer. TEM/ED examinations were performed with a LEO 906E and a JEOL 4000 EX transmission electron microscopes. The resonance spectra were recorded in air at 298 K and processed by using a commercial SM2201 MSssbauer spectrometer equipped with a 15 mCi Co (Rh) source. 

On-line Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) with spray-jet interface, deposition on a moving zinc selenide substrate. UV for quantitation, IR for identification. 

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