Anatomical structure

Del Nozal, M. J., Bernal, J. L., Gomez, L. A., Higes, M., and Meana, A. (2003b). Determination of oxalic acid and other organic acids in honey and in some anatomic structures of bees. Apidologie 34,181-188. 

In order to answer questions regarding the therapeutic and cosmetic uses of the myriad dermatological concoctions available, a pharmacist must be knowledgeable about the anatomical structure and physiological functions of the skin and the chemical compositions and physicochemical properties of its constituent tissues. Some understanding of how its properties are affected by disease and damage is a must, as is... 

Because some of the dosage forms described may be considered as adjunctive to ophthalmic surgical procedures, those procedures and the concomitant use of the drug are described in Sec. VIII.D. For orientation, readers are encouraged to familiarize themselves with the anatomical structures of the eye (Table 1), some of which are shown in Fig. 3. 

In most mammals, calcitonin is synthesized by specialized parafollicular cells in the thyroid. In sub-mammalian species, it is synthesized by specialized anatomical structures known as ulti-mobranchial bodies. 

TABLE 13-1 Classification of serotonergic cell body groups according to Dahlstrom and Fuxe and corresponding anatomical structure... 

The adult skeleton is periodically remodeled by transitory anatomic structures that contain juxtaposed osteoclast and osteoblast teams and that replace old bone with new bone. The purpose of this remodeling is both to prevent bone aging and repair the damage that occurs as well as to guarantee a contribution of minerals, especially calcium, to body cells for their correct function. In the last few years, due mainly to the research in molecular biology and cellular differentiation and to studies of genetically manipulated mice, it has been possible to discover many aspects both of the cellular and molecular bases of this bone remodeling as well as of the differentiation and function of the two main implied cell types osteoblasts and osteoclasts. 

Symptoms Malaise, rigors, vomiting, fever, headache, and backache, followed in two to three days by lesions that speedily become macules (an anatomical structure having a form of a spot differential from the surrounding area tissues), progress to papules (a small solid, usually conical, elevation of the skin caused by inflation), and end up as pustular vesicles. 

The anatomical structures involved in the maintenance and regulation of the arterial blood pressure are briefly the following (Fig. 3) 1. the arterial wall,... 

Figure 3. Anatomical structures involved in circulatory regulation...

Sclerosis A pathological process consisting of hardening or fibrosis of an anatomical structure, often a vessel or a nerve. [NIH]... 

More important possibly from the standpoint of function is the diversity of the anatomy of the pelvic colon itself. Figure 5 shows the various types of anatomical structures and the percentage occurrence of each. These percentages should be taken as indicative rather than accurate since they are based upon examination of only 210 specimens. If these percentages were accurate for the whole population of the United States, each of the least common forms (represented at the bottom of Figure 5) would exist in about 600,000 persons. It seems obvious that with this array of different types of pelvic colons (as well as transverse colons), people should differ tremendously (as they do) with respect to their problems of elimination. It is interesting to note in this connection that healthy newborn ba-... 

The multitude of different functions of the human skin can only be achieved by a unique anatomical structure of the different skin layers. These are as follows ... 

It is not within the scope of this text to give a detailed account of the anatomical structure of the central nervous system this has been very adequately covered in a number of excellent textbooks, some of which are listed in the Appendix. However, to understand the physiological mechanisms which form the basis of psychopharmacology, a brief outline of the subject will be given. 

As in other sensoiy modalities, sex differences of anatomical structures such as scent glands, chemical composition of secretions, and behaviors associated with scent communication are more pronounced in species with polygamous mating systems than those with monogamy. 

Impairment In the context of health experience, an impairment is any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological, or anatomical structure or function. [NIH]... 

Epilepsy is a chronic often progressive disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Periodic and unpredictable epileptic seizures caused by the abnormal electrical discharge of neurones in various anatomic structures of the CNS is the characteristic feature. This is an approximate definition based on international classifications of seizures and syndromes which take into account the extremely variable clinical and electroencephalographic expression of the disease. The annual incidence of epilepsy is an estimated 20-70 cases per 100,000 inhabitants with a prevalence of 0.4-0.8%. Globally, incidence is higher during childhood, remaining rather stable... 

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