Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy elements

The structure of poly(iminocarbonates) synthesized by the direct interfacial polymerization of BPA and cyanogen bromide was analyzed by NMR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis and found to be identical in all aspects to authentic poly(imino-carbonates) obtained by solution polymerization (46). 

Spectroscopic techniques may provide the least ambiguous methods for verification of actual sorption mechanisms. Zeltner et al. (Chapter 8) have applied FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectroscopy and microcalorimetric titrations in a study of the adsorption of salicylic acid by goethite these techniques provide new information on the structure of organic acid complexes formed at the goethite-water interface. Ambe et al. (Chapter 19) present the results of an emission Mossbauer spectroscopic study of sorbed Co(II) and Sb(V). Although Mossbauer spectroscopy can only be used for a few chemical elements, the technique provides detailed information about the molecular bonding of sorbed species and may be used to differentiate between adsorption and surface precipitation. 

The study of HS extracted from both fractions (pellets and matrices) was performed by various geochemical analyses CHONS elemental analysis, Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and solid-state 13C CPMAS NMR. 

Total soil carbon was determinated by elemental analysis with an automatic analyzer (CHNS 932, Lego). FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy (IFS 66, Bruker) was used for analysis of the main soil components clay, feldspar, silicate, carbonate, and sulfate. This method is based on the application of a multi-step iterative spectra exhaustion method in which the soil spectrum is decremented by a small fraction of the spectrum of the most probable component [HOBERT et al., 1993]. 

Chemical characterisation of F uptake in archaeological bone has already been developed in the 19th century [1,2] and is now well established [60], However, relatively few studies use a combined multianalytical approach using trace elemental and microstructure analytical techniques (PIXE/PIGE, TEM-EDX) for evidencing modifications on different microscopic and nanoscopic levels (Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM, TEM) and enabling an objective evaluation of the F uptake mechanisms [32-34,51],... 

This work was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation, t Abbreviations used are as follows. FTIR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ATR attenuated total reflectance, IRE internal reflection element, SATR solution ATR FTIR, FSD Fourier self-deconvolution, PLS partial least-squares analysis, PRESS prediction residual sum of squares from PLS. SECV standard error of calibration values from PLS, PLSl PLS analysis in which each component is predicted independently, PLS2 PLS analysis in which all components are predicted simultaneously. 

Elemental Spedation - New Approaches for Trace Element Analysis Discrete Sample Introduction Tbchniques for Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Modem Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Chemical Test Methods of Anal3rsis... 

By sequential copolymerization of styrene and propylene using a modified Ziegler-Natta catalyst, MgCl2/TiCl4/NdClc(OR) //Al(iBu)3, which was developed in our laboratory, a styrene-propylene block copolymer is obtained. After fractionation by successive solvent extraction with suitable solvents, the copolymer was subjected to extensive molecular and morphological characterization using 13C-NMR, DSC, DMTA, and TEM. The results indicate that the copolymer is a crystalline diblock copolymer of iPS and iPP (iPS-fo-iPP). The diblock copolymer contains 40% iPS as determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis. 

The catalytic materials were studied with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), electron scanning microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive analysis of x-rays (EDAX), x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), elemental analysis (EA) and surface area determination (BET). 

Materials selected for evaluation will be analyzed to determine or verify their elemental composition and crystallographic properties using appropriate analytical capabilities atomic adsorption spectroscopy (AAS), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and powder X-ray diffraction. 

Rey C, Collins B, Goehl T, Dickson IR, Glimcher MJ (1989) The carbonate enviromnent in bone mineral A resolution-enhanced Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy study. Calcif Tissue Inti 45 157-164 Roeder PL, MacArthur D, Ma XP, Palmer GR (1987) Cathodoluminescence and microprobe study of rare-earth elements in apatites. Am Mineral 72 801-811 Ronsbo JG (1989) Coupled substitution involving REEs and Na and Si in apatites in alkaline rocks from the Illimaussaq intmsions. South Greenland, and the petrological implications. Am Mineral 74 896-901 Rouse RC, Dunn PJ (1982) A contribution to the crystal chemistry of ellestadite and the sihcate srrlfate apatites. Am Mineral 67 90-96... 

Seifert, L.M. and R.T. Greer, Evaluation of in vivo adsorption of blood elements onto hydrogel-coated silicone rubber by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 1985, 19, 1043-1071. 

Copolymers with sites for association in aqueous solutions were pre-pared by copolymerizing acrylamide with N-alkylacrylamides or with the ampholytic monomer pairs sodium 2-acrylamido 2 methylpro-panesulfonate (NaAMPS) and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-dimethylammonium chloride (AMPDAC). The copolymers were characterized by elemental analysis, NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and lowhangle laser and quasielastic lightscattering measurements. Rheological properties were studied as a function of microstructure, molecular weight, polymer concentration, electrolyte concentration, and shear rate. On the basis of those results, a conceptual model that is based on microheterogeneous domain formation in aqueous solutions is proposed. 

Determination of Elements of Secondary Structure by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy... 

In addition to HPLC, elemental analysis, vapor phase osmometry. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), GC/MS, and NMR techniques were applied to verify the purity of the resin samples. Epoxy equivalent weights (EEW) were determined by the standard nonaqueous titration method (J ) using chloroform as the solvent. A correction for tertiary amine was obtained by conducting the titration in the absence of the quaternary halide. ... 

Surface characterization by spectroscopic techniques yields information on the functional groups and elemental composition on the surface of polymeric biomaterials. The most common spectroscopic tools used for biomedical polymers are X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) (diffuse reflectance and attenuated total internal reflectance modes). Each of these techniques is discussed in the succeeding text. 

Spectroscopic methods are mainly useful to identify the elements, functional groups, and chemical structures close to the biomaterial surface. Techniques like X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, attenuated total reflection fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and secondary ion mass spectrometry have been used widely in determining the elemental composition and charged species at biomaterial surface. Other important characteristics obtained from the biomaterial surface are surface energy and relative wettability using thermodynamic method such as contact angle experiments. 

Tickanen, L.D., Tejedor-Tejedor, M.I., Anderson, M.A. (1991). Quantitative characterization of aqueous suspensions using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy influence of internal reflection element-particle interactions on spectral absorbance values. Langmuir Vol. 7, pp. 451 56, 0743-7463. 

Chemical characterization of the UHMWPE powder is typically performed at the powder-manufacturing site as part of their quality control protocol. However, researchers may want to periodically verify the purity and composition of the powder. ASTM 648 outlines several tests that can be used to analyze the powder. With regards to chemical characterization, trace element analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) are the two common approaches. 

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