Exhaust method

Air distribution methods Exhaust methods Heating methods Cooling methods... 

FIGURE 8.10 Examples of air distribution and exhaust methods for the piston strategy. 

Polyepichlorohydrin and dimethylamine Polymerisation of epichlorohydrin in carbon tetrachloride with boron trifluoride/ether catalyst, then reaction with dimethylamine. Applied to cotton by exhaust method or pad-dry. Scheme 10.65 Good yields with direct dyes using only 2 g/l salt. Excellent build-up with most reactive dyes only 10% of normal salt usage needed for low-reactivity dyes and none for highly reactive types. Washing fastness very good but light fastness impaired. 

Cationic FBAs are used to brighten polyacrylonitrile fibres. The brightening of acrylic fibres is carried by the exhaust method at an acid pH, usually in the presence of sodium chlorite or bisulfite bleach. Pyrazolines produce very high whites but are unstable to bleach and therefore the quaternary benzimidazoles are the preferred class, e.g. (3.65) and (3.66). 

An exhaustive method for obtaining the juice from beets has been proposed, in which the roots are sliced and macerated without destroying the integrity of tho slices., The weak juice thus extracted is employed for macerating a fresh portion of slices, and so on until the extract is sufficiently strong for defecation and filtration. 

It is useful to distinguish here between electroanalytical methods, in which the material conversion is so low that the bulk concentrations of the substrate and reagents remain practically unchanged during the course of the experiment, and exhaustive methods, which are those that rely on the complete or nearly complete conversion of the substrate into products, e.g. coulometry and preparative electrolyses. 

For the theoretical aspects of dyeing CA and CT with disperse dyes see Section 4.12.1. CA is dyed by the exhaustion method in the presence of a nonionic or anionic dispersing and leveling agent in a weakly acidic bath (pH 5-6). A series of less wetfast disperse dyes are taken up by acetate at temperatures as low as 50-60 °C. For this reason, the process must be started at a correspondingly low temperature to obtain level dyeings. Dyeing is normally done at 80-85 °C. Dyes... 

Total soil carbon was determinated by elemental analysis with an automatic analyzer (CHNS 932, Lego). FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy (IFS 66, Bruker) was used for analysis of the main soil components clay, feldspar, silicate, carbonate, and sulfate. This method is based on the application of a multi-step iterative spectra exhaustion method in which the soil spectrum is decremented by a small fraction of the spectrum of the most probable component [HOBERT et al., 1993]. 

Application and Principle This procedure is used to determine the catalase activity, expressed as Baker Units, of preparations derived from Aspergillus niger var., bovine liver, or Micrococcus lysodeikticus. The assay is an exhaustion method based on the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide by catalase and the simultaneous breakdown of the catalase by the peroxide under controlled conditions. 

Exhaustion Method CNC SOFT TD may be exhausted on most fibers, fabrics, etc. in a dyebeck, jig or dolly washer. 

CNC SOFT XXX is exceptionally versatile as it is compatible with anionic, cationic or nonionic substances. It is compatible with resins, catalysts and optical bleaches also acrylic resins, polyvinyl acetate emulsions and starches. The product may be applied by padding or exhaust methods. 

Liquid towel softener. Promotes high absorption non-yellowing. May be applied by pad or exhaust method. 

A coning and de-knitting lubricant for space printed yarns. Non-smoking, excellent fiber-to-metal lubricity. May be applied to skeins or packages by exhaust method. 

Class II BSC. The Class II BSC (Fig. 9) provides product, personnel, and environmental protection, and is the most common BSC employed in pharmaceutical manufacturing and pharmacy-compounding operations. The Class II BSC has several subclassifications, based upon cabinet ventilation design (Table 1). The Class II BSC (Fig. 8), the most widely used by hospital and home-care pharmacies, features a front access opening with carefully maintained inward airflow for replacement of air exhausted from the cabinet, a HEPA-filtered vertical laminar flow airstream within the entire work area, and HEPA-filtered exhaust air. The vertical laminar flow airstream and front access opening are common to all Class II cabinets, although LAF velocities and patterns, HEPA filter sizes and position, ventilation rates, and cabinet exhaust methods vary considerably in different designs (Fig. 7). 

In the exhaust method, the fibre material is introduced into a bath containing cationic brightening agent and 3-5% formic acid (85%) to maintain the pH 3 to 4 at... 

Srinivasa and Edwards [215] analyzed the gaseous phase over InTe(l) by the isothermal total exhaustion method. They determined the enthalpy change... 

One of the fundamental problems in the computer-aided simulation of a molecular system is that of finding the global energy minimum [22-25]. In the case of small molecules with a few torsional degrees of freedom exhaustive methods may readily lead to the global minimum energy conformation With... 

A number of sampling methods for training a HEDA have been mentioned in this paper. The simplest is uniform random sampling. A more directed evolutionary approach is to let the current attractors of the HEDA guide the sampling of the next generation of candidate solutions. The exhaustive method used above... 

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