Formulation and method

Goodman, D.L. and Byrne, C.A., Phase-separated dual-cure elastomeric adhesive formulations and methods of using the same. US Patent 5,997,682. 

Formulation and method of polyesterification impart considerable changes in properties whereas variation of crosslinking monomers and fillers impart only minor changes. 

The visual observation of the dissolution of a dosage form can quickly provide an indication of problems with the formulation or the dissolution test conditions without the requirement for sample analysis. This is particularly useful in the early stages of formulation and method development, when a variety of formulations or a range of dissolution media may be under consideration. 

Nantz, M.H., Bennett, M. J., Balasubramaniam, R.P., Aberle, A.M. and Malone, R.W. (1999) Formulations and methods for generating active cytofectin polynucleotide transfection complexes. US Patent, 96, 679971. 

Note 1 All emulsions were prepared by the same formulation and methods... 

Gum, M.L. (1985) Water-in-volatile silicone emulsifier concentrates for mixing with water to form water-in-volatile silicone emulsions that are useful in personal-care formulations and methods of making same. PCT Int. Appl. 8503641. (Union Carbide Corp., USA Application WO). WO. p. 56 pp. 

Amphotericin deoxycholate in glucose versus amphotericin in nutritional fat emulsion The safety of DAMB prepared in nutritional fat emulsion (a non-approved mode of amphotericin administration) has been reviewed (SEDA-21, 282) (SEDA-22, 285). It is not clear whether it has a better therapeutic index than other formulations, and methods of preparing it have not been standardized. The adverse effects of amphotericin prepared in nutritional fat emulsion have been compared with those of amphotericin prepared in 5% dextrose in two studies. While one of the studies showed a significantly lower frequency of infusion-related reactions and hypokalemia in patients receiving the fat emulsion (49), there were no differences in safety and tolerance between the two formulations in the other study (50). The safety of amphotericin prepared in nutritional fat emulsions has been reviewed (SEDA-21, 282) (SEDA-22, 285). Because of stability concerns and lack of systematic safety data, this form of amphotericin cannot be recommended. 

Patents These protect designs, asexually produced plants, things, processes and business methods. Pharmaceutical patents typically protect new chemical entities, synthetic processes, formulations and methods of treatment. (Designs, plant patents and business methods are not further discussed.) Protection is obtained by filing and then successfully prosecuting a patent application which discloses the invention. The patent term is typically 20 years from date of the filing. 

The migration of herbicides depends on (1) application factors (amovmt, place, period, frequency, type of formulation, and method of application) (2) persistence and mobility (related to molecular structure and intrinsic physical/chemical properties) (3) soil composition (geomorphology of the application site) ... 

Other carbon fiber producers can obtain their PAN precursor from Acordis UK Ltd., who supply a textile tow precursor, or from Tenax Fibers, who also have a textile tow precursor available to other carbon fiber producers. The polymer formulation and method of processing of each company s precursor material is very specific and will control the final carbon fiber properties. 

Present formulations and methods are designed now to provide just these conditions economically, but the difficulty of propelling the recovery fluids through the formation while maintaining these optimum conditions will keep surface chemists occupied for many years to come. 

Devane, J. Butler, J. Modified release formulations and methods of treating inflammatory bowel disease. U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ. US 2006223787, 2006 Chem. Abstr. 2006,145,403981. 

The last chapter deals with small deviations from very dilute solutions. The problem of hydrophobic interaction, considered to be of crucial importance in biochemical processes, is formulated, and methods of estimating the strength of solute-solute interaction in various solvents are discussed. Preliminary attempts at interpretation, based on concepts developed in the preceding chapters, are also surveyed. 

This chapter discusses the formulation and methods of preparation of the most used solid dosage forms that can be prepared in hospital or community pharmacies. The formulation of licensed medicines, particularly tablets and capsules, is discussed to such an extent as it is necessary to understand how they are made in case they may have to be adapted for the preparation of other oral preparations in pharmacies. 

Preparations for cutaneous (or dermal) application may be used for local treatment as well as for transdermal administration with a systemic effect. The chapter focuses on preparations with a local effect and on design of formulation and method of preparation of those prepared in pharmacies. The interaction between skin, active substance and base, the anatomy of the skin and biopharmaceutical aspects of cutaneous preparations are discussed as well as the therapeutic effect of the base. Because of the important role of the pharmacist in prescription assessment some recommendations for the communication with the physician are given. One aspect is how to proceed with a request for the mixing of two licensed medicines or for the addition of an active substance or an excipient to a licensed product. The formulation design is generally following the several phases of the multicomponent preparations. Based on the... 

Before initiating the design of a formulation and method of preparation, additional physico-chemical properties of the active substance should be defined such as particle size and particle size distribution, salt, polymorphism, aqueous solubility in dependence on pH, hygroscopicity, melting point, sublimation behaviour, water of crystallisation, dehydration temperature. The properties of the raw material are also relevant to the physical and chemical stability and the compatibility with the excipients and packaging. Furthermore, compatibility with other active substances has to be investigated when the new substance is to be administered through the same infusion line. 

Product files for pharmacy preparations are described in Sect. 33.8. National formularies such as FNA (see Sect. 39.4.5) and NRF (see Sect. 39.4.2) entail the product and process design of a large number of standard pharmacy preparations. These formularies contain the description of the formulations and method of preparation, as well as elaborate elucidations on them. Many of these elucidations reflect the QbD ideas about documentation of the design process, friformatimi about product quality, efficacy, and safety is published in those formularies or in other clearly related sources information leaflets for the patient or clinical informatimi booklets for physicians. 

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