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Food waste processing fermentation industry

A bioreactor is a vessel in which biochemical transformation of reactants occurs by the action of biological agents such as organisms or in vitro cellular components such as enzymes. This type of reactor is widely used in food and fermentation industries, in waste treatment, and in many biomedical facilities. There are two broad categories of bioreactors fermentation and enzyme (cell-free) reactors. Depending on the process requirements (aerobic, anaerobic, solid state, immobilized), numerous subdivisions of this classification are possible (Moo-Young, 1986). [Pg.110]

Several approaches have been proposed for the production of liquid fuels from biomass. Alcohol production via fermentation is state-of-the-art technology for specific feedstocks (grain etc.). The use of non-food sources (urban refuse, industrial wastes, etc.) is not fully developed. Processing times are on the order of days however for biological conversion. Non-biological methods fall into two categories (1) direct liquefaction, and (2) indirect liquefaction. Both involve a thermal conversion step. Direct liquefaction... [Pg.163]

In the future, lactic acid may be produced from biowaste (e.g., cellulose and lignocellulose) instead of starch fi om food crops to further reduce the cost and to increase the sustainability of PLA. A gypsum-free process is also under development to reduce solid waste to make PLA more environmentally friendly. Industrial-scale d-LA is being optimized to produce low-cost PDLA to improve PLA for high-end applications. Extensive efforts have been committed by the enzyme and fermentation industries and research institutes to these topics. [Pg.344]

One of the oldest methods, solid-state fermentation or the koji process, uses solid substrates, such as steam sterilized fibers or wheat bran, to cultivate the mold inoculum. This technique has been central to traditional food and beverage fermentations throughout Asia for thousands of years. Today solid-state fermentation is the cultivation method of choice for the commercial production of many enzymes and is gaining popularity in areas including bioremediation, detoxification of agro-industrial waste and biotransformation of crop residues for nutritional enrichment (Pandey et al., 2000 Singhania et al., 2009). [Pg.205]

Grain that is usable as food or feed is an expensive substrate for this fermentation process. A cheaper substrate might be some source of cellulose such as wood or agricultural waste. This, however, requires hydrolysis of cellulose to yield glucose. Such a process was used in Germany during World War II to produce yeast as a protein substitute. Another process for the hydrolysis of wood, developed by the U.S. Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin, uses mineral acid as a catalyst. This hydrolysis industry is very large in the former Soviet Union but it is not commercial elsewhere. [Pg.450]

The most widespread biological application of three-phase fluidization at a commercial scale is in wastewater treatment. Several large scale applications exist for fermentation processes, as well, and, recently, applications in cell culture have been developed. Each of these areas have particular features that make three-phase fluidization particularly well-suited for them Wastewater Treatment. As can be seen in Tables 14a to 14d, numerous examples of the application of three-phase fluidization to waste-water treatment exist. Laboratory studies in the 1970 s were followed by large scale commercial units in the early 1980 s, with aerobic applications preceding anaerobic systems (Heijnen et al., 1989). The technique is well accepted as a viable tool for wastewater treatment for municipal sewage, food process waste streams, and other industrial effluents. Though pure cultures known to degrade a particular waste component are occasionally used (Sreekrishnan et al., 1991 Austermann-Haun et al., 1994 Lazarova et al., 1994), most applications use a mixed culture enriched from a similar waste stream or treatment facility or no inoculation at all (Sanz and Fdez-Polanco, 1990). [Pg.629]

Starch can also be modified by fermentation as used in the Rodenburg process. In this case the raw material is a potato waste slurry originating from the food industry. The slurry mainly consists of starch, the rest being proteins, fats and oils, inorganic components and cellulose. The slurry is held in storage silos for about two weeks to allow for stabilisation and partial fermentation. The most important fermentation process that occurs is the conversion of a small fraction of starch to lactic acid by mans of the lactic acid bacteria that are naturally present in the feedstock. The product is subsequently dried to a final water content of 10% and then extruded. [Pg.17]

Enzymes are the active components in the cells, where they induce the chemical transformations. They can be removed from the cells without loss of activity and sold as separate products. These isolated enzymes are used in many industrial processes, especially in food production. They are more stable and easier to handle than the original microorganisms from which they were isolated. The enzymes are often obtained from the waste bacterial biomass that remains after food fermentation processes. [Pg.317]

Many industrial processes rely on effective agitation and mixing of fluids. The application of agitators cover the areas of mining, hydrometallurgy, biol-ogy, petroleum, food, pulp and paper, pharmaceutical and chemical process industry. In particular, in these industries we find typical chemical reaction engineering processes like fermentation, waste water treatment, hydrogenation, polymerization, crystallization, flue gas desulfurization, etc [65, 21]. [Pg.679]


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Fermentation Processing

Fermentation industrial

Fermentation process

Fermention processes

Fermention processes fermentation

Food industry

Food processing

Food waste

Food waste fermentation

Foods fermented

Industrial wastes processing

Process fermentative

Process waste

Processed food

Waste processing

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