FOAM INJECTION

Foam-injection molding Foam plastic sheathing Foam products Foam regulators Foam rheology... 

Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymers are similar in stmeture, but the acrylonitrile hardens the polymer. Minute rubber particles act as stress-relief centers, making it good for large objects luggage or car body parts. It can be chrome plated, foamed, injection molded, blown, and alloyed wiih other pla.siic. . 

The mist pump should inject water at a rate of about 12 bbl/hr the foam injection pump should inject about 3 gal/hr of surfactant this binds fluid and air together for more efficient aeration. 

After the hole has been unloaded, keep mist and foam injection pumps in operation to clean the hole of sloughing formations, providing a mist of 1.5 barrels of water per hour per inch of hole diameter and 0.5 to 4 gal of surfactant per hour, respectively. 

Production Considerations Structural Foam Injection Molding Sheet Molding Compound... 

It is now well established through studies in many laboratories throughout the world that foam injection shows considerable promise as an agent for the improvement of oil recovery from watered-out. porous media, and for the diversion of the flow of other oil-displacing fluids from more permeable paths into less permeable paths in the medium<1). Whilst the reasons for the effectiveness of foam for these purposes are not. completely clear, the explanation is thought to lie in the behaviour of the foam lamellae... 

Sub-surface foam injection, Foam to Tank NFPA 11-3.2.6.3 640 1050 NFPA 11-3.2.8.2,1 hose, 50... 

Tank Farm Liquid Spill Gas Release NFPA30 1. Hydrants 2. Monitors 3. Water Deluge Cooling Spray 4. Subsurface Foam Injection 5. Foam Topside Delivery 1. NFPA 24 2. NFPA 24 3. NFPA 15 4. NFPA 11 5. NFPA 11... 

The foam concentrate used with subsurface systems should be a fluoroprotein type for best results, although some AFFF foams are listed for substitutable application (because of their "fuel shedding" properties). The minimum foam solution rate should be 0.3 gpm/ft (12 Ipm/m ). The supply of foam liquid should be adequate to operate the system for 20 minutes. The foam injection point must be above the level of any residual water in the bottom of the tank. Subsurface foam application is not recommended for open or covered floating roof tanks or cone roof tanks with internal floating covers. 

Existing compatibility with fixed water systems can be modified to allow for the injection of foam from a mobile foam unit by providing hose connection downstream of the system s alarm check valve. A check valve should be provided in the foam injection line as part of this modification. 

Olefins or alkenes are defined as unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons. Ethylene and propylene are the main monomers for polyolefin foams, but dienes such as polyisoprene should also be included. The copolymers of ethylene and propylene (PP) will be included, but not polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which is usually treated as a separate polymer class. The majority of these foams have densities <100 kg m, and their microstructure consists of closed, polygonal cells with thin faces (Figure la). The review will not consider structural foam injection mouldings of PP, which have solid skins and cores of density in the range 400 to 700 kg m, and have distinct production methods and properties (456). The microstructure of these foams consists of isolated gas bubbles, often elongated by the flow of thermoplastic. However, elastomeric and microcellular foams of relative density in the range 0.3 to 0.5, which also have isolated spherical bubbles (Figure lb), will be included. The relative density of a foam is defined as the foam density divided by the polymer density. It is the inverse of the expansion ratio . 

Because injection of anti-foam agent would probably he a permanent requirement, a scheme to provide dedicated anti-foam injection facilities for both Ninian and Brent crude streams was prepared. 

Protection of Gas Compressors. Investigations into the scale and implications of foam carry-over into separator gas lines were conducted after it became clear that this might occur if the anti-foam injection failed Prior to commissioning the compressors, it was necessary to determine whether liquid knock-out facilities in the gas feed lines between the separators and gas compressors could handle the crude carried over in foam. 

The trials confirmed that it the anti-foam injection equipment failed, the rate of foam carry-over would greatly exceed the knock-out capacity of existing header slops facilities and compressor suction drums. 

To safeguard future operations, additional reliability was built into the design of the permanent anti-foam injection unit. This included separate power supply sources ior the running and standby injection pumps with low-flow arid pump-failure alarms in the process control room... 

Liu, P.C. Besserer, G.J., Application of Foam Injection in Triassic Pool, Canada Laboratory and Field Test Results in Proc., SPE 63rd Annual Technical Conf, Society of Petroleum Engineers Richardson, TX, 1988, SPE paper 18080. 

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