Fluid design

Various companies worked on the development of Fluid catalytic cracking units. During World War II, the government requested some of the leaders in this field to pool their knowledge so as to speed the production of aviation gasoline. The fact that so many Fluid units were constructed and put into operation in such a short time shows that this joint effort was successful. However, because of this effort, many of the basic Fluid patents were held for many years in combination with other companies, some of which also developed their own Fluid designs. 

Some engineers rearrange the sequence of the code although the information remains essentially the same. The line number sequence is conveniently arranged to start with one (1) or 100 for each of the fluid designations (CL, P, etc.). Since the sequence numbers are for coordi-... 

Kyphosis, a deformity of the spine characterized by extensive flexion, was observed in rats exposed to 880-5030 mg/m3 of a polyalphaolefin hydraulic fluid designated as B85-174 for4 hours (Kinkead et al. 1987b). The authors did not specify at which concentration the kyphosis occurred. It is not known whether the kyphosis was due to neurological or musculoskeletal damage. See Section 2.2.1.4 for more information on the neurological effects of polyalphaolefin hydraulic fluids. No longer-term inhalation exposure studies were located. 

In a series of acute lethality studies, lethargy and inactivity were noted in rats exposed for 4 hours to lethal concentrations of DTNSRDC N501 (6,430 mg/m3) (MacEwen and Vemot 1983). Kyphosis was observed in rats exposed to 880-5,030 mg/m3 of a polyalphaolefin hydraulic fluid designated as B85-174 (Kinkead et al. 1987b). Because of the uncertainty of whether the kyphosis is a neurological or muscular effect, this effect is discussed in both the Musculoskeletal Effects and Neurological Effects sections. No other information was located on neurological effects in animals after inhalation exposure to polyalphaolefin hydraulic fluids. 

Intermediate-duration oral exposure to Durad 110 produced deaths in chickens associated with the delayed development of neuropathy at dosage levels of 4,000 mg/kg/day in a 28-day study and 90 mg/kg/day in a 90-day study (FMC 1986). At 100 mg/kg/day over a 13-week period, 2 of 12 male and 1 of 12 female rats died with exposure to tri- -butyl phosphate (Healy et al. 1995). Dietary administration of Pydraul 90E for 90 days providing daily doses of 50 mg/kg/day produced no chemical-related deaths in rats (Monsanto 1979). An organophosphate ester hydraulic fluid designated MIL-H-83306 also caused death in 4 of 4 rats exposed by gavage to 1,000 mg/kg over a 26-day period (Mattie et al. 1993). 

No cardiovascular effects were observed in rats exposed by gavage to 1,000 mg/kg of a polyalphaolefin fluid designated MIL-H-83282 (Mattie et al. 1993). 

Mineral Oil Hydraulic Fluids. No human studies examining dermal end points were located. In animals, no information on dermal effects following inhalation or oral exposure were located. A number of mineral oil hydraulic fluids have been tested for acute dermal toxicity in rabbits. Signs of skin irritation have been observed following application of a naphthenic petroleum-based hydraulic fluid designated as MIL-H-5606... 

A fluid designated TAP-1" described by Siegel et al. (1965) appears to be very similar if not identical to Cellulube 220. 

For all atomizer designs the feedstock rheological properties will impact nozzle performance with the twin-fluid designs generally being less susceptible to a droplet size... 

The viscosity p of the fraction, designated by subscript x at a density p and temperature T is given in terms of a reference fluid, designated by subscript o. The equation is... 

Consequently all NeSSI components - including transducers, wiring systems, optical systems, enclosures - must be designed to meet the various global Hazardous Location standards. The NeSSI specification favors the use of Division 1 (Zone 1) rated equipment inside equipment enclosures which handle hazardous (flammable) fluids. Designing to this capability, although more stringent than... 

USE As a basis for silicone oils or fluids designed to withstand extremes of temp as a foam suppressant in petr lubricating oil. 

Radiation shields [90] can be used to isolate a probe from a distant medium so that there will be relatively little radiation heat transfer to it at the same time, they do not interfere with good thermal contact between the probe and the surrounding fluid. Designs of thermometer probes for gas temperature measurement are described in Refs. 91 and 92. Analyses to account for some uncertainties in probe measurement can be found in Ref. 93. 

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