Fluid catalytic cracking properties

A mixture of monolauryl phosphate sodium salt and triethylamine in H20 was treated with glycidol at 80°C for 8 h to give 98% lauryl 2,3-dihydro-xypropyl phosphate sodium salt [304]. Dyeing aids for polyester fibers exist of triethanolamine salts of ethoxylated phenol-styrene adduct phosphate esters [294], Fatty ethanolamide phosphate surfactant are obtained from the reaction of fatty alcohols and fatty ethanolamides with phosphorus pentoxide and neutralization of the product [295]. A double bond in the alkyl group of phosphoric acid esters alter the properties of the molecule. Diethylethanolamine salt of oleyl phosphate is effectively used as a dispersant for antimony oxide in a mixture of xylene-type solvent and water. The composition is useful as an additive for preventing functional deterioration of fluid catalytic cracking catalysts for heavy petroleum fractions. When it was allowed to stand at room temperature for 1 month it shows almost no precipitation [241]. 

Al-Enezi, G., Fawzi, N., and Elkamel, A. (1999) Development of regression models to control product yields and properties of the fluid catalytic cracking process. Petroleum Science e[ Technology, 17, 535. 

The feeds to these types of units are usually atmospheric and vacuum residua. The products include feeds for the production of transportation fuels, fuel oils, olefins, etc. However, the operating conditions of the reactor, whether it is a fluid catalytic cracking unit or a fixed-bed unit, is dependent upon the desired product slate and the properties of the feed. 

The earliest applications of zeolites utilized the molecular sieving properties of small pore zeolites, e.g. zeolite A, in separation and purification processes such as drying and linear/branched alkane separation [33]. In 1962 Mobil Oil introduced the use of synthetic zeolite X, an FCC (fluid catalytic cracking) catalyst in oil refining. In the late sixties the W. R. Grace company introduced the "ultra-... 

A microscale Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) simulation test is presented, which results in yields and product properties which correspond very well with commercial FCC results. 

D. S. Stratiev, Influence of vacuum gas oil feed properties on the yield distribution of fluid catalytic cracking. Petroleum Coal 39(3), 12 (1997). 

The use of CeOs-based materials in catalysis has attracted considerable attention in recent years, particularly in applications like environmental catalysis, where ceria has shown great potential. This book critically reviews the most recent advances in the field, with the focus on both fundamental and applied issues. The first few chapters cover structural and chemical properties of ceria and related materials, i.e. phase stability, reduction behaviour, synthesis, interaction with probe molecules (CO. O2, NO), and metal-support interaction — all presented from the viewpoint of catalytic applications. The use of computational techniques and ceria surfaces and films for model catalytic studies are also reviewed. The second part of the book provides a critical evaluation of the role of ceria in the most important catalytic processes three-way catalysis, catalytic wet oxidation and fluid catalytic cracking. Other topics include oxidation-combustion catalysts, electrocatalysis and the use of cerium catalysts/additives in diesel soot abatement technology. 

ML Occelli, H Eckert, M Kalwei, A Wolker, A Auroux. The effects of steam-aging temperature on the properties of an HY zeolite of the type used in FCC preparations, in "Fluid Catalytic Cracking V Technology for Next Century", M L Occelli, P. Oi Connor Eds. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2001. 

Crowley MS, Schacht CA. A comparison of the thermo-mechanical properties of As Installed vs. Coke Filled refractories for fluid catalytic cracking units, UNITECR 97, 3 1643-1652, American Ceramic Society, 1997. 

I 4 Predictive Modeling of the Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCQ Process Table 4.23 Equilibrium catalyst properties. 

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