Flooring surface

Emission from an open liquid face (e.g., open tanks, liquid spills on the floor surface) can be evaluated using equations based on criteria relations and empirical data. Assuming that the heat and mass transfer processes can be described using similar differential equations, the criteria equation describing the evaporation process will be similar to one describing the heat transfer ... 

FIGURE 7.48 Schematic of inclined jet impingement with a floor surface. Reproduced from Zhi-... 

One limitation in the use of floor heating is the surface temperature of the floor. Most people will find a floor surface temperature of more than 25 °C uncomfortable. 

Outside air entering the space through openings near the ground spreads over the floor and absorbs energy from the floor surface. The resulting air temperature increase leads to buoyancy and forces the air up into the upper hall zone. This results in a temperature stratification in the hall. Due to this vertical temperature gradient, the air in the occupied zone does not reach the exhaust air temperature (see Fig. 11.37). 

Floor temperature dissatisfaction risk The degree of dissatisfaction experienced by occupants in a space due to the floor surface temperature. 

Heavy floor loadings and the use of ride-on electric trucks demand a strong, hard-working floor surface, which must be within the insulation envelope. 

Detection of Gunshot Residues on Floor Surfaces In another study at the Pennsylvania State University (Ref 20), gunshot residues from firing tests were assayed in order to establish distribution patterns of Ba and Sb on surfaces below the flight path of the buliet... 

Moistened filter paper (Whatman No 541) was found to be optimum for collecting the residues from floor surfaces. The filter paper squares containing the powder residues were dried at 50° to remove moisture prior to reactor irradiation. Ba and Sb standards were also prepd to match the geometry of the test samples, and were irradiated under identical conditions... 

Nondestructive NAA can thus be used for the detection and measurement of Ba, Sb (and also Cu) from residue samples collected from the floor surface after the single firing of a handgun. By constructing a unique distribution pattern of these residues, it is possible to establish the flight path of the bullet and the proximity of the gun with respect to the target. The development of this information, particularly in the absence of a firearm, a bullet or an eyewitness, can be of considerable value in criminal investigations... 

SOURCE NAGE RP-03-76, Monolithic Organic Corrosion Resistant Floor Surfacing, 1976. Courtesy of National Association of Corrosion Engineers. 

These disadvantages are overcome by the so-called dance-floor principle which is supposed to become the major beamline construction principle of the future. Figure 4.11 shows a dance floor during the construction of the beamline hall at the ANSTO neutron-scattering facility at Lucas Heights near Sydney, Australia. The dance floor is featuring an extremely plane and hard floor surface from granite. Optical components, detectors and sample chambers are mounted on supports with a flat lower surface. While compressed air is blown into the gap between the dance floor and the area of support, components are easily moved and adjusted in the optical beam path. 

Subfloor and finish floor surfaces chosen must not wrinkle or buckle under operating conditions. 

A typical interior trench or floor gutter is shown in Figure 14. Note the rounded bottom shape and the canted or rounded bends of the lead conductive flooring. Also, note the requirement for rounding bearing surfaces of the cover, which prevents damage to the lead floor surfacing. 

Surface of LAP, door handle, wall, corner, floor Surface of LAP, chair, door handle, doorknob wall (two points), corner, floor (two points) 1 CPU 3 CPUs... 

Product areas where friction of rubber is particularly important are roads and floor surfaces where it is convenient if measurements can be made in-situ. Consequently, a considerable number of portable devices have also been developed. 

Tree Density Planting density of an orchard can be used to manage weeds. As the density increases, particularly in the row, the orchard floor surface becomes shaded more rapidly by tree canopies, suppressing weed growth (Tucker and Singh, 1983). 

The chief improved property of vinyl resin treated wood is its high abrasion resistance making it suitable for floor surfaces. 

In this chapter, we present a description of the present-day topography of the floor and the coasts of the Black Sea and of the distribution of the bottom sediments over its floor surface. 

One of the advantages of the modem methods is the small size of the apparatus. According to A. B. Bofors [17], a continuous plant with a daily production of 15 to 40 tons requires a floor surface of only ca. 150 m2 in a one-storey building. 

The transfer-factor-based dermal modeling approach can be illustrated for estimating potential post-application dermal contact with floor surfaces on which aerosols have deposited by using the Jazzercise study conducted by Ross et al. 

Cu (5.1 min). Instrumental radioassay was performed with a similar nuclear counting system as for the airborne gunshot residues (Ref 17) described above with the addition of a programmable computer coupled to the multichannel analyzer for data processing. Using these procedures, it was possible to detect Ba levels above 2 x 10 g/cm and Sb levels above 1.5 x 10" g/cm of floor surface... 

IOC How do (a) draft and (h) cold floor surfaces cause discomfort for a room s occupants ... 

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