Flammable gases/liquids/solvents

Some bromine compounds are covered specifically under Hazardous Materials Regulations. Other compounds may usually be shipped under the classification of chemicals, not otherwise indexed by name, without special requirements unless from their nature they would fall under a category such as combustible liquid, compressed gas, corrosive liquid (or solid), disinfectant liquid (or solid), dmg, dye intermediate (liquid), fire extinguisher, flammable gas (liquid or solid), insecticide, medicine, oxidizer or oxidizing material, poisonous liquid (gas or solid), solvent, or tear gas. Specific provisions apply to each of these categories and appropriate packaging and labeling are required. 

As we saw in our discussion of redox reactions, combustion reactions can travel through the gas phase quite rapidly. Solvent fumes, likewise, can be quite flammable, which is why they should be used away from any sparks or open flame and in a well-ventilated space. The liquid solvent... 

Ethylene oxide is a highly penetrating flammable gas or liquid, widely used as a sterilizer of medical equipment and supplies. It is also an important industrial chemical, used as a solvent, plasticizer, and chemical intermediate. Ethylene oxide liquid has a boiling point of 10.7°C (760 mm Hg), and is readily miscible with water and organic solvents. 

These tests cover the methods of determination of the minimum temperature at which vapors in equilibrium with liquid solvent are sufficiently concentrated to form flammable mixtures with air at atmospheric pressure and concentration limits of chemicals. Flammable (explosive) limits are the percent levels, volume by volume, of a flammable vapor or gas mixed in air between which the propagation of a flame or an explosion will occur upon the... 

Lowest temperature at which a flammable gas or vaporized liquid will ignite in the absence of a spark or flame, as determined by test method ASTM D 2155 not to be confused with flash point or fire point, which is typically lower. Auto-ignition temperature is a critical factor in heat transfer oils and transformer oils, and in solvents used in high temperature applications. The auto-ignition temperature should be viewed in relation to the entire phenomenon of combustion. 

NOTE This classification usually includes locations where volatile flammable liquids or liquefied flammable gases are transferred from one container to another interiors of spray booths and areas in the vicinity of spraying and painting operations where volatile flammable solvents are used locations containing open tanks or vats of volatile flammable liquids drying rooms or compartments for the evaporation of flammable solvents inadequately ventilated pump rooms for flammable gas or for volatile flammable liquids and all other locations where ignitable concentrations of flammable vapors or gases are likely to occur in the course of normal operations. 

SC-CO2 is often used as solvent and reagent and is considered to be an economically viable and ecologically benign reaction medium. It has several advantages such as no flammability, lack of toxicity, absence of a gas-liquid phase boundary, and possible simplifications in workup. The advantages of using SC-CO2 alone [172] or in combination with IL [173, 174] have been described. Amides play a... 

Isobutylene (methylpropene) is a monounsaturated hydrocarbon with 4 carbon atoms. Under normal conditions it is a colourless, highly flammable gas (mixtures with air between 1.8 and 8.8 vol% at 20 °C can lead to explosions), and it has the characteristic alkene, petroleum-like scent. Isobutene is soluble in organic solvents (like ether, alcohol and hydrocarbons), but almost insoluble in water (0.263 g/L at 25°). It has no corrosive properties and has a low level of acute toxicity (still, extensive exposure should be avoided) (Industries E 2010 Liquide A 2013 Obenaus et al. 2000). 

Solubility sol all common organic solvents slightly sol water. Form Supplied in ethyl vinyl ether and n-butyl vinyl ether are colorless, extremely flammable liquids, while methyl vinyl ether is a colorless, extremely flammable gas. Ethyl vinyl ether is supplied stabilized with triethanolamine and methyl vinyl ether is supplied in stainless steel cylinders. 

---