Flames and hot surfaces

Other utility systems have quite wide spacing recommendations too Boilers have flame and hot surfaces, which can act as ignition sources. Large distances are often recommended for compressors to separate possible leaks from ignition sources. Compressors may cause a considerable amount of vibration, which may cause leaks in piping. They also need clear space around them to be maintained and operated properly. 

Wear protective gloves and eye/face protection as specified by the manufacturer/supplier or the competent authority. Keep away from flames and hot surfaces. In case of fire, use. .. for extinction. .. appropriate media specified by the manufacturer/supplier or the competent authority if water increases risk. Store in cool/well-ventilated place. Dispose of contents/container to... (in accordance with local/regional/national/intemational regulation). 

Equation (12-57) does not account for gas radiation at high temperature when the kiln charge can see the burner flame hence, the method will yield a conservative design. When a kiln is fired internally, the major source of heat transfer is radiation from the flame and hot gases. This occurs directly to both the sohds surface and the wall, and from the latter to the product by reradiation (with some conduction). 

Decomposition of trichloroethylene can occur upon contact with naked flames, red-hot surfaces, hot elements of electric heaters, or intense UV light with the generation of acidic and highly-toxic products. The presence of reactive contaminants, e.g. acids, strong alkalis, highly-reactive metals, may also result in decomposition to similar products. 

Solvents differ as regards their miscibility with water and flash point and thus their potential fire hazards (flammability, combustibility). Explosive solvent vapor air mixtures may be formed when applying paints. Spark formation (e.g., by static charging) must be avoided and hot surfaces or naked flames must be removed. 

Open Flames or Hot Surfaces No degreaser should be installed near open flames or near high-temperature surfaces (above 750°F [399°C]). Welding and heat treatment operations and space heaters should not be located in proximity to solvent degreasing equipment. When these operations are in the same general area as solvent degreasing equipment, precautions should be taken, such as enclosures and local ventilation to ensure that no traces of solvent vapors enter these areas. 

Plra extremely flammable. keep away from open flame, sparks and hot surfaces (e.g. steam lines), no smoking. powder, alcohol< sistant foam, large quantities of water, carbon dioxide, (halons). 

Reacts violently with extinguishing egents such as foam. Lung edema symptoms usually develop several hours later and are aggravated by physical exertion rest and hospitalization essential. As first aid, a doctor or authorized person should consider administering a corticosteroid spray. Under no circumstances use near flame or hot surface or when welding. Unbreakable packaging preferred if breakable, keep in unbreakable container. 

Fire many chemical reactions cause fire and explosion, decomposes with appearance of fire. keep away from open flame and sparks, no smoking, avoid contact with combustible substances and hot surfaces (steam lines). water sprsy, powder. 

High atmospheric concentrations, e.g. In poorly ventilated spaces, can cause oxygen deficiency, with risk of unconsciousness. Freon 12. Frigen 12 and Arcton 12 ere trade names. Under no circumstances use near flame or hot surface or when welding. Turn leaking cylinder so that leak is on top to prevent liquid dichlorodifluoromethane escaping. 

At 20 C saturated vapor/air mixture contains 560mg HCH/m Remarkably volatile, despite being a solid. The subatanci la usually used in dissolved form In aflammabls solvent an thus can present fire and explosion hazards. Under no circumstsmces use near flame or hot surface orwhen welding. 

In Eurocode, the required performance of building components is denoted by the function that the component serves and the duration of fire exposure it must withstand. Three functions are considered for building components, with R for retention of structural resistance (i.e., the abihty of a load-bearing stractural element to support a load), E for retention of the component integrity (i.e., the abihty of a structural element to resist the passage of flames and hot gases from one space to another), and I for retention of thermal insulation (i.e., the ability of a structural element to maintain a temperature on the surface that is not exposed... 

In multiple-story load-bearing FRP structures, passive protection methods appear appropriate to resist the passage of flames and hot gases from one space to another (structural integrity) and to maintain a temperature on the surface below specified limits (insulation). To delay stractural collapse for the code-specified 90min (structural adequacy), however, either a thickprotective layer of passive protection or an active protection method is required as well. Overall, no passive or active method is without weaknesses or compromises. For this reason, a combination of methods is usually employed. The proper combination depends strongly on the application. 

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