Fibers nonwoven fabrics

Brundtland report, 24 162 Brush aerators, 26 162 Brushing, of staple-fiber nonwoven fabrics, 17 515-516... 

Fabric filtration, 26 706-713 mechanism of, 26 709 Fabrics. See also Spunbonded nonwoven fabrics Staple-fiber nonwoven fabrics chemical resistance and maximum temperatures of, 26 711t... 

Web consolidation, for staple-fiber nonwoven fabrics, 17 505-512 Web drafting, 17 501-502 Web dryers, 9 119-120... 

The major utility of PTFE dispersions is that they allow processing of PTFE resin, which cannot be processed as ordinary polymeric melt, because of its extraordinarily high melt viscosity, or as solution, because it is insoluble. Thus, PTFE dispersions can be used to coat fabrics and yams, impregnate fibers, nonwoven fabrics, and other porous structures to produce antistick and low-friction coatings on metals and other substrates and to produce cast films. 

Heavy but soft materials such as lead reflect sound waves very efficiently. Because of its high density and low modulus, lead is an excellent acoustic insulator. Lead sheets are indeed used for this purpose, but not alone This is because lead tends to creep easily under its own weight. A lead sheet is commonly laminated between say plywood or some other material. Toray Co. produced a lead fiber nonwoven fabric embedded in soft polyvinyl chloride with excellent sound insulating characteristics. Nonwoven lead fiber mat can be used as radiation shielding in nuclear installations. A blended product of fine lead short fiber with a resin has been used for X-ray shielding. 

Polytri methylene terephthalate Vinylidene chloride/methyl acrylate copolymer fiber, natural food Wheat (Triticum vulgare) bran fiber, natural pharmaceuticals Wheat (Triticum vulgare) bran fiber, natural supplements Wheat (Triticum vulgare) bran fiber, nonwoven fabrics Polyethylene terephthalate... 

I. Noda, Fibers, nonwoven fabrics and absorbent articles comprising a biodegradable polyhydroxyaUcanoate comprising 3-hydroxyalkanoate and 3-hydroxyhexanoate, US614394711-Jan-2000 (2000)... 

As binders for fiherfill and nonwovens, the emulsions are applied to a loose web or mat, then heated to form a film that sticks the loose fibers together. Polyester (188—191), glass (192), and rayon (193) mats are bonded in this manner for a variety of end uses including quilting, clothing, disposable diapers and towels, filters, and roofing (see Nonwoven fabrics). 

Textiles. A unique combination of desirable quaUties and low cost accounts for the demand for acetate ia textiles. In the United States, acetate and triacetate fibers are used ia tricot-knitting and woven constmctions, with each accounting for approximately half the total volume. This distribution changes slightly according to market trends. The main markets are women s apparel, eg, dresses, blouses, lingerie, robes, housecoats, ribbons, and decorative household appHcations, eg, draperies, bedspreads, and ensembles. Acetate has replaced rayon filament ia liner fabrics for men s suits and has been evaluated for nonwoven fabrics (79—81). 

In addition to dyeabiHty, polyesters with a high percentage of comonomer to reduce the melting poiat have found use as fusible biader fibers ia nonwoven fabrics (32,34,35). Specially designed copolymers have also been evaluated for flame-retardant PET fibers (36,37). 

Nonwoven Fabric. Crimped PVA staple is being used for the manufacture of dry-laid nonwoven. Also, as an example utilising the uniqueness of the fiber, a soft sheet is prepared by shrinking and pardy dissolving in hot water a nonwoven from water-soluble PVA fiber and then insoliibili ing the fabric by acetalization or similar processes. This sheet is used as car wipers, wipers for high grade furniture, and for similar purposes. 

Other reinforcements that may be used in the substrate layers of decorative laminates and throughout the stmcture of industrial laminates are woven fabrics of glass or canvas and nonwoven fabrics of various polymeric monofilaments such as polyester, nylon, or carbon fibers. Woven and nonwoven fabrics tend to be much stronger than paper and have much more uniform strength throughout the x—y plane. They greatly enhance properties of laminates such as impact and tear strength. 

Man-Made Leathers. These materials contain a nonwoven fabric which is impregnated with a polyurethane to improve fiexibiHty, processibiHty, and conformabiHty (Fig. 9). Advanced man-made leathers contain microfibers as fine as 0.03 tex (0.3 den) or less to imitate coUagen fiber bundles, thereby attaining the soft feel and appearance essential for soft leather use. Polyurethane in the substrate is usually provided with porous stmcture by poromeric technology. The coating layer is also porous in the two-layer type man-made leathers (5—10). 

A nonwoven fabric can be assembled by mechanically, chemically, or thermally interlocking layers or networks of fibers, filaments, or yams. Fabrics made from textile fibers in this manner have been classified as dry-laid nonwovens. 

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