Ferric chlorate

Ferric chlorate, Fe(C103)3, is obtained when chlorine is passed... 

Ferri- and ferrocyanides - 401, 408 Ferric acetate - 171, 193, 266 Ferric acid salts - 60, 149, 392 Ferric ammonium sulfate - 19, 231, 660 Ferric-chlorate ion - 384... 

Reagents similai to those used in the analysis of chloiine are commonly employed in the quantitation of gaseous and aqueous chloiine dioxide as well as its reaction coproducts chlorine, chlorite, and chlorate. The volatihty of the gas from aqueous solutions as well as its reactivity to light must be considered for accurate analysis. Other interferences that must be taken into account include other oxidizers such as chloramine, hydrogen peroxide, permanganate, and metal impurities such as ferrous and ferric iron. 

Another important factor is the thermal stability and heat of decomposition of the oxidizer. Potassium chlorate mixtures tend to be much more sensitive to ignition than potassium nitrate compositions, due to the exothermic nature of the decomposition of KCIO 3. Mixtures containing very stable oxidizers - such as ferric oxide (Fe 2O 3) and lead chromate (PbCrO 4) - can be quite difficult to ignite, and a more-sensitive composition frequently has to be used in conjunction with these materials to effect ignition. 

Hydrofluoric acid like water is an associated liquid, and even the gas, as we shall soon see, is associated. It has the power of uniting with fluorides. It also seems to be an ionizing solvent for a soln. of potassium fluoride in liquid hydrogen fluoride is an excellent conductor it also possesses marked solvent powers. According to E. C. Franklin,7 the liquid readily dissolves potassium fluoride, ehloride, and sulphate sodium fluoride, bromide, nitrate, chlorate, and bromate acetamide and urea. The solvent action is not so marked with barium fluoride, cupric chloride, and silver cyanide while calcium and lead fluorides copper sulphate and nitrate ferric chloride, mercuric oxide, and magnesium metal, are virtually insoluble in this menstruum. Glass also is not affected by the liquid if moisture be absent. The liquid scarcely acts on most of the metals or non-metals at ordinary temp., though it does act on the alkali metals at ordinary temp., much the same as does water, with the simultaneous production of flame. 

Pyrots are mixts of fuels and oxidizers. The ignition and propagation of reaction mechanisms are similar to that discussed for expls and pro-pints. The reaction rate and ability to detonate is dependent on the specific materials involved, their particle size, the intimacy of the mix and confinement. Because some pyrot mixes on reacting produce very little gas, it is very unlikely that detonation could ever be achieved. An example of such a mix is Al/ferric oxide or Thermite. In other, mixes of highly reactive materials, Mg/K chlorate for example, detonation can readily be achieved... 

Colorimetric Methods are used only for the estimation of very small percentages of vanadium, e.g. in vanadium steels and alloys. The most important depend on the intensity of the reddish-brown colour produced by the action of hydrogen peroxide on an acid vanadate solution.3 If chromium is present, an equal amount must be introduced into the standard vanadium solution under the same conditions of temperature, acid concentration, etc. Phosphoric acid is added to destroy any yellow colour due to ferric iron, and either hydrofluoric acid or ammonium fluoride to destroy any colour produced by titanium.4 A colorimetric method for the simultaneous estimation of small quantities of titanium and vanadium has also been worked out.5 Other colorimetric processes are based on (a) the formation of a yellow to black coloration, due to aniline black, in the presence of aniline hydrochloride and potassium chlorate or other oxidising agent,6 and (b) the orange coloration finally produced when an acid solution of a vanadate is brought into contact with strychnine sulphate.7... 

Fe(C108)8 (aq.). Thomsen15 measured the heat of reaction of aqueous barium chlorate with aqueous ferric sulfate. 

These pigments are manufactured by treating ferrous sulfate (FeS04) solutions (sometimes in the presence of ammonium sulfate) with sodium ferrocyanide, giving a white ferrous ferrocyanide, which is then oxidized to ferric ferrocyanide, Fe4[Fe(CN)6], or to Fe(NH4)[Tc(CN)6 by different reagents such as potassium chlorate, bleaching powder, and potassium dichromate. The colloidal pigment is washed and allowed to settle to enhance separation, since filtration of the colloidal solid is difficult. 

In 1935, the American Federal Bureau of Investigation pointed out that the test was not specific and had reservations about its use.118 Other evaluations of the technique proved it to be completely unreliable as an indicator of FDR. Common substances such as tobacco, tobacco ash, fertilizers, certain pharmaceuticals, certain paints, and urine also give positive results.119120 In addition a number of oxidizing agents such as chlorates, bromates, iodates, permanganates, chromates, vanadates, molybdates, antimony(V), and ferric salts also give a reaction.121,122 At the Interpol Conference in Paris in 1968 it was officially concluded that the paraffin test should no longer be used.123... 

The second reaction is accelerated by catalyzers, such as manganese dioxide or ferric oxide, or in fact any material with a rough surface. Too high a temperature also causes reaction (2) principally to take place. On the other hand, if the temperature is maintained at the right point, the salt is free from dirt, and the inside of the crucible is perfectly clean and free from roughness, the decomposition proceeds mainly according to reaction (1). Potassium perchlorate is very sparingly soluble in cold water and may be separated from potassium chloride and any undecomposed potassium chlorate by crystallization. 

Iron blues, or cyanide iron blues, are complex ferriferrocyanide, generally with ammonium, potassium, or sodium cations. They are most commonly produced by a two-step process. First, ammonium, potassium, or sodium ferrocyanide, M4[Fe(CN)6], is reacted with ferrous sulfate, FeS04, to yield M2Fe[Fe(CN)]6. The latter is digested with hot sulfuric acid and oxidized with sodium chlorate or sodium bichromate to yield the ferric ferrocyanide M(Fe[Fe(CN)6]. ... 

Matches without Phosphorus, of an excellent quality, and in the manufacture of which there is not the slightest danger, arc obtained from the following mixture 53.8 parts of chlorate of potassium, 10 of gum-Arabic, 3 of gum trsgacanth, 6 of pyrolusite, 6 of ferric oxide, 12 of pulverized glass, 5 of bichromate of potassium, 3 of sulphur, 1.2 of chalk, and sufficient water. 

To determine the total iron content, the solution is first oxidised with potassium chlorate, and the ferric iron solution thus obtained titrated as above. The difference between two such determinations gives the amount of ferrous iron. 

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