Liquid Fermi

This topic is relevant to the physics of neutron stars (nuclei or quark bubbles embedded in a neutron gas), to dilute Bose-Einstein-condensate bubbles inside the background of a Fermi-Dirac condensate, to buckyballs in liquid mercury and to superconducting droplets in a Fermi liquid. 

Landau-Fermi liquid, 23 840 Landau quasiparticle model, 23 840 Land cost, 9 527 Landering, 8 438-439 Land-farming, 3 768 defined, 3 759t Landfill gas, 25 880 Landfill leachate treatment, reverse osmosis in, 21 646-647 Landfill liners, 25 877-878... 

Note that the exchange term is of the form / y(r,r ) h(r )dr instead of the y (r) (r) type. Equation (1.12), known as the Hartree-Fock equation, is intractable except for the free-electron gas case. Hence the interest in sticking to the conceptually simple free-electron case as the basis for solving the more realistic case of electrons in periodic potentials. The question is how far can this approximation be driven. Landau s approach, known as the Fermi liquid theory, establishes that the electron-electron interactions do not appear to invalidate the one-electron picture, even when such interactions are strong, provided that the levels involved are located within kBT of Ep. For metals, electrons are distributed close to Ep according to the Fermi function f E) ... 

That is precisely which is reported say in [123] on example of Pd complexes (and for other systems in Ref. [124]) the TDDFT excitation energies are systematically lower than the experimental ones. In this context it becomes clear that the TDDFT may be quite useful for obtaining the excitation energies in those cases when the ground state is well separated from the lower excited states and can be reasonably represented by a single determinant wave function may be for somehow renormalized quasiparticles interacting according to some effective law, but shall definitely fail when such a (basically the Fermi-liquid) picture is not valid. 

Throughout this book, particularly in the later chapters, we assume that a condensed electron gas can be treated as a Fermi liquid of pseudoparticles, for instance dielectric or spin polarons. We recognize that this is an unproved assumption. 

Another important issue requiring further studies is the role of carrier-carrier correlation. It is known that the effect of disorder on carrier-carrier interactions controls the localization and enhances the spin susceptibility (Altshuler and Aronov 1985), and thus the tendency towards ferromagnetism. However, spin-disorder scattering may limit the efficiency of this process (Altshuler and Aronov 1985). If this is the case, LSDA (Jungwirth et al. 1999 Lee et al. 2000) can provide a reasonable evaluation of the relevant Fermi-liquid parameter. 

The conduction electrons move independently in the liquid. This latter assumption raises some difficulties, since the Coulomb interaction between the electrons is large. The difficulty is overcome by realizing that we need not consider the motions of electrons which are strongly correlated, but only the motions of Landau quasi particles (25), each electron being surrounded by a correlation hole. In more formal language, we may say that the quasi particles stand in one-to-one correspondence with the electrons and represent the elementary excitations of the Fermi liquid. 

Asymmetric conductors have isymmetric I — V curves. This phenomenon is known as the diode or ratchet effect and plays a major role in electronics. Recently much interest has been attracted by transport asymmetries in singlemolecule devices and other mesoscopic systems [1], The idea that asymmetric molecules can be used as rectifiers is rather old [2], however, it was implemented experimentally [3] only recently. Another experimental realization of a mesoscopic rectifier is an asymmetric electron waveguide constructed within the inversion layer of a semiconductor heterostructure [4]. The ratchet effect was observed in carbon nanotubes [5], and strongly asymmetric I — V curves were recently reported for the tunneling in the quantum Hall edge states [6]. These experimental advances have stimulated much theoretical activity [7, 8, 9, 10, 11] with the main focus on the simplest Fermi-liquid systems [12]. 

Transport in one-channel quantum wires, where electrons form a Luttinger liquid, differs significantly from the Fermi liquid case. In particular, impurity effects are stronger in Luttinger liquids, and even a weak impurity potential... 

Ir U3 V 6g-2, Ef > V > V (UE-9)1 1-, g < 1. We will see that the growth terminates at L = V. At such voltage Ir(V )/I(V ) (V /EFfg 1 as <7 -C 1. Fluctuations are less important in many-channel systems and the Hartree-Fock picture gives exact results for some two-channel systems and for Fermi liquids [15],... 

We use the standard model [18, 19, 20] for Fermi-liquid leads adiabatically connected to the wire. We assume that the action (3) is applicable for x < L only. At large x the interaction strength K(x—y), Eq. (1), is zero. This model can be interpreted as a quantum wire with electron interaction completely screened by the gates near its ends. Electric fields of external charges are assumed to be screened in all parts of the wire. A simple modification of this model describes electrically neutral leads [20]. All results coincide for our set-up and the model [20]. 

In this paper we argue that a simple configuration of two electron droplets (see Fig. 1) attached to conducting leads can exhibit 2CK correlations [19, 20], retaining non-Fermi-liquid (NFL) behavior at low temperature. 

It was shown then that all these observed features can be described self-consistently by Fermi-liquid model for quasiparticles in clean d-wave superconductor with resonant intralayer scattering [14]. The superconducting gap is expressed as A([Pg.185]

Thus we can infer that experimental low V, T interlayer tunneling data are consistent with Fermi-liquid picture taking into account d-wave symmetry and essentially coherent interlayer tunneling. 

Fig. 10b shows a comparison of our data with the microwave results [18]. The origin of the peak of oab(T) has been widely discussed as a result of a d-wave symmetry of the OP in BSCCO and YBCO. In particular, in a d-wave Fermi-liquid model it was shown that at low temperatures oab grows with temperature as [27] o(m—>0,T) = <70o (1 + fl2), where Ooo is a universal inplane conductivity introduced by Lee [28], Ooo = n e2 /(n mabAo) with mab the effective quasiparticle in-plane mass. 

The DDM is not expected to lead to the "final" theory of the nucleus. (That would probably be closer to the HFB model mentioned above, or the recently developed Relativistic Fermi Liquid model [ANA83], or something very different.) Hence, no effort is made to find the "best" parameters for each nuclear region, as is done in most of the currently popular models. Instead, all model parameters are given fixed strengths and Z-A-dependences. There are no local parameters. This provides a perfect excuse for not obtaining perfect agreement with the experimental data ... 

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