Mercury liquid

Synonyms Quicksilver mercury vapor mercury liquid mercury salts... 

Synonym(s) Colloidal mercury liquid silver mercury, metallic (DOT) quicksilver metallic mercuryb hydrargyrum0 Bichloride of mercury mercury bichloride01 mercury chlorided mercury dichloride mercury perchloride mercury (II) chloride perchloride of mercury corrosive sublimated corrosive mercury chloride dichloromercury Etiops mineral0 mercury sulfide, blackd vermilion Chinese red C.l. Pigment Red 106 C.1.77766° quicksilver vermilion Chinese vermilion red mercury sulfide artificial cinnabar red mercury sulfuretd... 

Mercury liquid does not bind to glass surfaces. The cohesive forces are greater than the adhesive ones. Mercury does not wet glass, forms a shape at the surface, and undergoes a capillary lowering in a glass tube. 

The assembly shown in Figure 13.7 cannot be used for sodium (melting point too low), or mercury (liquid state). For these elements, glow discharge in metallic vapour lamps are used (GDL). 

The Stone was often described as a red powder, and it was no doubt sometimes confused with the red ore, cinnabar. This is a naturally occurring form of mercury sulphide, which when heated yields metallic mercury (liquid quicksilver) and evolves sulphureous fumes (sulphur dioxide), identical with those arising in the burning of native sulphur. It seems possible that experiments of this kind may have led the Muslim alchemists to put forward the so-called Sulphur-Mercury Theory of the origin of metals. The most famous of these alchemists was Jabir ibn Hayyan, known to the Western world as Gcber. He is said to have lived in the eighth century a.d., and the theory is often associated with his name. The same may be said of numerous alchemical treatises which were undoubtedly written aflcr his time. 

In experimental studies the liquid mercury electrode has been prototypical for a long time. Modeling the liquid mercury electrode is complicated by the fact that knowledge of mercury-mercury interactions is required. The liquid mercury/liquid water interface was investigated by Heinzinger and coworkers [78, 81] using a pseudopotential ansatz. 

The mercury (liquid and vapor) is thus the means for removing the heat of a reaction at a constant temperature of about 425 C and for dissipating it to cooling water at a temperature of about 100 C. Heat is thus effectively removed without affecting the temperature of the catalyst adversely. 

Alternative Names/Abbreviations Quicksilver, colloidal mercury, liquid silver... 

Liquid phenol. See Phenol Liquid pitch oil. See Creosote oil Liquid Poiy-10] Liquid Poiy-2a, Liquid Poiy-30. See Sodium metaphosphate Liquid rosin. See Tall oil Liquid silver. See Mercury Liquid smoke. See Pyroligneous acid extract Liquid storax. See Storax (Liquidambar orientalis)... 

Aristotle named mercury liquid silver and Dioskorides named it silver water . From this comes the Latin name of mercury—hydrargium. 

There are several relatively accessible articles on relativistic effects in atoms. L.J. Nor-rby.Why Is Mercury Liquid Journal of Chemical Education, 68,110-113,1991 M.S. Banna, Relativistic Effects at the Freshman Level, Jouraa/ of Chemical Education, 62,197—198,1985 D.R. McKelvey, Relativistic Effects on Chemical Properties, JcMma/ of Chemical Education, 60, 112—116, 1983. For a more technical account, see P. Pyykko, Relativistic Efects in Structural Chemistry, Chemical Reviews, 88, 563-594,1988. 

Gold amalgam Solid Gold (solid) Mercury (liquid)... 

Fig. 7.4. NMR autoclave configured for studies of fluid cesium (Warren et al., 1989). Pressure within the sapphire sample cell is balanced against that of the argon pressure medium by the cesium-decane-mercury liquid column.

Paper/pulp mills often produce sodium hydroxide they need in small factories attached. A simplest way to produce sodium hydroxide (NaOH) of high quality is to electrolyze a brine solution (NaCl). That is, 2NaCl -electrolysis- >2Na(metal)+Cl. When steam (H O) is added to the sodium metal, sodium hydroxide is obtained 2Na+2H20 2NaOH + H2. Because electric current is used to accomplish this reaction, electrodes are required. The electrodes used are carbon rod (for anode) and mercury (liquid) metal for the cathode, because mercury binds many metallic elements including sodium. Lax procedures at small factories often allow some of the mercury to escape into the environment. This is the major source of mercury in the environments. 

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