Fermi level, liquid, surface, also

Now also for this case the work for transferring an electron fi om the bulk just outside the electrolyte layer can be defined, which can be considered as a kind of modified work function 0, describing the minimum work to extract an electron from the Fermi level, through the solid/liquid interface (with the potential drop A< ), through the liquid and through the surface layer of the liquid to a position just outside the liquid see Fig. 15.2a, b. Then the quantity abs = e is defined as the absolute electrode potential of a sample covered by an electrolyte layer. 

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