Fermentation amyl alcohol

Alcohol solutions, 3.3 Denatured alcohol, 3 Fermentation amyl alcohol Fusel oil, 

Alcohols are a class of organic compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups (-OH) attached to a carbon atom that exists in one of four configurations  

Bonded to one other carbon atom, a primary alcohol. 

Bonded to two other carbon atoms, a secondary alcohol. 

Bonded to three carbon atoms, tertiary alcohols, such as /er/-amyl alcohol. 

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Synonyms AI3-15288 C-07328 EINECS 204-663-5 FEMA No. 2057 Fermentation amyl alcohol Fusel oil IP3 l-Hydroxy-3-methylbutane Isoamylol Isobutyl carbinol Isopentanol Isopentyl alcohol Methyl-3-butan-l-ol 2-Methyl-4-butanol 2-Methylbutan-4-ol 3-Methylbutanol 3-Methylbutan-l-ol 3-Methyl-l-butanol NSC 1029 Primary isoamyl alcohol Primary isobutyl alcohol UN 1105. 

Fermentation Alcohol Fermentation Amyl Alcohol Fermentation Butyl Alcohol Ferric Ammonium Citrate Ferric Ammonium Citrate, Brown Ferric Ammonium Citrate, Green Ferric Ammonium Oxalate Ferric Chloride Ferric Chloride, Anhydrous Ferric Chloride, Hexahydrate Ferric Glycerophosphate Ferric Nitrate Ferric Nitrate Nonahydrate Ferric Sulfate... 

ISOAMYL ALCOHOL Fermentation amyl alcohol, Fusel oil, Isopentyl alcohol, 3-MethyH-butanol Combustible Liquid 1 2 0... 

SYNS ALCOOLAMILICO (ITALIAN) ALCOOL ISOAMYLIQUE (FRENCH) AMYLOWY ALKOHOL (POLISH) FERMENTATION AMYL ALCOHOL ISOAMYL ALKOHOL (CZECH) ISO-AATYLALKOHOL (GERMAN) ISOAMYLOL ISOBUTYLCARBINOL ISOPENTANOL ISOPENTYL ALCOHOL 2-METHYL-4-BUTANOL 3-METHYL BUTANOL 3-METHYLBUTAN-l-OL 3-METHYL-1-BUTANOL (CZECH) 3-METIL-BUTANOLO (ITALIAN)... 

Isomerism.—Isomerism in the case of the acids is of the same character as that of the alkyl halides and the alcohols if we consider the acids as mono-carboxyl substitution products of the hydrocarbons. In the five carbon acids, the pentanoic or valeric acids, we have one compound which possesses an asymmetric carbon atom. It is the 2-methyl butanoic-i acid. According to the van t Hofif-LeBel theory this compound should exist in three forms, dextro lew and inactive. By oxidation of the fermentation amyl alcohol which is a mixture of 2-methyl butanol-1 and 2-methyl butanol-4 there is obtained a mixture of two of the valeric acids, viz., the 2-methyl butanoic-i acid and the 2-methyl butanoic-4. This same mixture is found naturally in the roots of Valeriana officinalis. By separating out the 2-methyl butanoic-4 acid the 2-methyl butanoic-1 acid is obtained. This acid is inactive, but has nevery with certaintyy been separated into its optical components, though it is claimed that a dextro form has been obtained. 

FERMENTATION AMYL ALCOHOL (123-51-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 109°F/43°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, reducing agents, hydrogen trisulfide. Incompatible with acid anhydrides, acid chlorides, aliphatic amines, caustics, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 

SYNONYMS (Primary) fermentation amyl alcohol, isobutylcarbinol, isopentyl alcohol, 3-methyl-l-butanol, primary isoamyl alcohol (Secondary) 3-methyl-2-butanol, secondary isoamyl alcohol. 

Fusel oil (8013-75-0) is a mixture of the eight possible isomers of amyl alcohol and smaller amounts of other alcohols resulting from the fermentation of certain carbohydrates including grains and potatoes, hence fermentation amyl alcohol (123-51-3) which is principally 3-methyl-l-butanol. Fusel oil is a widely used solvent. 

In 1855 Pasteur, remarking that Biot in 1849 had found that amyl alcohol is optically active, found that fermentation amyl alcohol is a mixture of an active and an inactive form. He prepared active and inactive barium sulphamylates, having very different solubilities but isomorphous, and, what was remarkable, the crystals of the active salt had no hemihedral facets, although the cinchonine salt had. 

Chemical Designations — Synonyms Fermentation amyl alcohol Fusel oil Iso-butylcarbinol Isopentyl alcohol 3-Methyl-l-butanol Potato-spirit oil Chemical Formula (CH3)2CHCH2CH20H. Observable Characteristics — Physical State (as shipped) Liquid Color Colorless Odor Mild odor alcoholic, non-residual. Physical and Chemical Properties — Physical State at 15"C and 1 atm. Liquid Molecular Weight 88.15 Boiling Point at 1 atm. 270, 132, 405 Freezing Point Not pertinent Critical Temperature 585, 307, 580 Critical Pressure Not pertinent Specific Gravity 0.81 at 20"C (liquid) Vapor (Gas) Specific Gravity Not pertinent Ratio of Specific Heats of Vapor (Gas) (est.) 1.062 Latent Heat of Vaporization 215.6, 119.8, 5.016 Heat of Combustion -16,200, -9,000, -376.8 ... 

ISOAMYL ALCOHOL (CH,),CHCH,CH,OH Methyl-1 butaiiol. Isobutykarblnol, Isopentyl alcohol, Fermentation amyl alcohol, Fusel oil Strong oddizers 109 1.2 (2im 9ai2-F)... 

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