Fas expression

Increased lipid synthesis/inhibi-tion of lipolysis Activation of lipoprotein lipase (LPL)/induc-tion of fatty acid synthase (FAS)/inactivation of hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) Facilitated uptake of fatty acids by LPL-dependent hydrolysis of triacylglycerol from circulating lipoproteins. Increased lipid synthesis through Akt-mediated FAS-expression. Inhibition of lipolysis by preventing cAMP-dependent activation of HSL (insulin-dependent activation of phosphodiesterases )... 

For the majority of drugs, the preferred administration route is by oral ingestion which requires good intestinal absorption of drug molecules. Intestinal absorption is usually expressed as fraction absorbed (FA), expressing the percentage of initial dose appearing in a portal vein [15]. 

HSC and progenitor cells after radiation exposure have the self-renewal capacity needed for leukemia induction. This was shown at low, intermediate and high dose intervals. Cells in patients as compared to controls more often expressed anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and less often demonstrated expression of Fas receptor (fig. 6-7). Cells in patients with low CD8-h counts were simultaneously Fas negative and Bcl-2 positive in 4 out of 19 studied patients. We assume that cells over-expressing anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and demonstrating low Fas expression could lack apoptotic response to environmental factors. 

Socie G, Mary JY, Lemann M. 2004. Prognostic value of apoptotic cells and infiltrating neutrophils in graft-versus-host disease of the gastrointestinal tract in humans TNF and Fas expression. Blood. 103 50-57. 

Reduction of liver Fas expression by an antisense oligonucleotide protects mice from fulminant hepatitis. Nature Biotech-nol. 18 862-867. 

Many reports correlate the increased expression of caspases and the presence of cleaved caspases with certain types of degenerative diseases but the causal link has not been shown. For example, the increased expression of caspase-1, -2, -3, -5, -6, -7, -8, and -9 have been reported in AD (Chan and Mattson, 1999 LeBlanc et al., 1999 Lu et al., 2000 Pompl et al., 2003), caspases-3, -8 and -9 in PD (Anglade et al., 1997), caspases-1 and -3 in ALS (Pasinelli et al., 1998), and caspases-1 and -8 in HD (Sanchez et al., 1999). Altered expression levels of receptors and death ligands suggest a role for death pathways in these disorders. It has been reported that an increase in Fas expression may be harmful to both neurons and glia, and has been associated with neurodegeneration in diseases such as AD, PD, ALS, and HD (Barone and Parsons, 2000 Ugolini et al., 2003). 

Landau AM, Luk KC, Jones ML, Siegiist-Jolmstone R, Young YK, Kouassi E, Rymar- VV, Daglier A, Sadikot AF, Desbai-ats J (2005) Defecdve Fas expression exacerbates neur-otoxicity in a model of Pai-kinson s disease. J Exp Med 202 575—581. 

Basolo, F., Fiore, L., Baldanzi, A., Giannini, R., Dell-Omodarme, M., Fontanini, G., et al. (2000) Suppression of Fas expression and down-regulation of Fas ligand in highly aggressive human thyroid carcinoma. Lab. Invest. 80(9), 1413-1419. 

MCF-7 cells, since several FAS inhibitors have been shown to be potent antitnmor agents and FAS is the key enzyme for controlling lipogenesis and body weight gain. Recent resnlts indicate that tea and tea polyphenols may indnce hypolipidemic and antiobesity effects throngh suppressing FAS expression. 

Andjelic, S., Drappa, J., Lacy, E., Elkon, K.B. and Nikolic Zugic, J. (1994) The onset of Fas expression parallels the acquisition of CD8 and CD4 in fetal and adult alpha beta thymocytes. Int. Immunol. 6 73-79. 

Abenant apoptosis-mediated cell death is believed to result in a number of different human diseases. For example, excessive apoptosis in the liver can result in fulminant and autoimmune forms of hepatitis. The possibility was studied tliat inhibition of Fas expression in mice would reduce the severity of fulminant hepatitis. To do this, a chemically modified 2 -C-(2-niethoxy)ethyl antisense oligonucleotide (ISIS 22023) inhibitor of mouse Fas expression was developed. In tissue culture, this oligonucleotide induced a reduction in Fas iiiRNA expression that was both concentration- and sequence-specific. In BALB/c... 

Hong Zhang, Jesse Cook, Jeffrey Nickel, Rosie Yu, Kimberley Stecker, Kathleen Myers and Nicholas M. Dean, Reduction of liver Fas expression by an antisense oligonucleotide protects mice from fulminant hepatitis. Nature Biotechnology, 18 (2000), 862-867. 

Fas protein was rarely expressed on thyroid epithelial cells from each group, except that increasing Fas expression was noticed at the 32nd week in the 1000-fold high iodine group. The expression of Fas was related to the duration and the dosage of exposure. No FasL expression was found, no whether matter autoimmune thyroiditis existed or not. FLIP acts as an intracellular apoptosis-suppression protein, which can competitively bind to the Fas-associated death domain (FADD), the apoptosis-mediated protein in the death receptor apoptosis pathway, hence blocking the Fas—FasL mediated apoptosis pathway. 

Bandyopadhyay S, Pai SK, Watabe M, Gross SC, Hirota S, Hosobe S, et al. FAS expression inversely correlates with PTEN level in prostate cancer and a PI 3-kinase inhibitor synergizes with FAS siRNA to induce apoptosis. Oncogene 2005 24 5389-5395. 

Kenna, J. G., Neuberger, J., Williams, R. Evidence fa- expression in human liver of haldhane-induced neoantigens recognized by antibodies in sera from patients with halothane hepatitis. Hepatology 1988,8, 1635-1641. 

Runic R, Lockwood CJ, LaChapelle L, et al. Apoptosis and FAS expression in human fetal membranes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998 19 309-11. 

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