Excel functions

Another feature of the Pd—C bonds is the excellent functional group tolerance. They are inert to many functional groups, except alkenes and alkynes and iodides and bromides attached to sp carbons, and not sensitive to H2O, ROH, and even RCO H. In this sense, they are very different from Grignard reagents, which react with carbonyl groups and are easily protonated. 

Both energy and electron transfer quenchers have been employed to show that the quenching rates of the fullerene triplet state are decreased as a function of the size of the dendrimer shell [36]. These results further demonstrate that fullerene is an excellent functional group to probe the accessibility of a dendrimer core by external molecules. 

CHIDIST is the Excel function for the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution. 

The Microsoft Excel function NORMDIST(X, jx, o-, 1) gives the probability that x < p. 

The Microsoft Excel functions CHIINV(.025, 4) and CHIINV(.975, 4) give the same values. 

The F distribution, similar to the chi square, is sensitive to the basic assumption that sample values were selected randomly from a normal distribution. The Microsoft Excel function FDIST(X, dfh df2) gives the upper percent points of Table 3-8, where X is the tabular value. The function FINV(Percent, dfh df2) gives the table value. 

Organomanganese reagents can be used for the formation of ketones from acid chlorides with excellent functional group tolerance, the corresponding ketones isolated in good yield. Gallo et al. have reported some hetero-... 

You can carry out the calculations using the Microsoft Excel function key (found by clicking on the insert button in the toolbar) ... 

An allene serves as an excellent functional group for cyclization via isomerization with the use of a novel nickel-chromium bimetallic catalyst (Scheme 16.69) [76]. 

As for most Excel functions, there is always an alternative way via the main... 

As indicated in Chapter 4.2.1, Straight Line Fit, the Excel function LINEST is a more general function than the rRENDLINE. In addition to allowing the... 

The spreadsheet in Figure 4-62 is heavily matrix based (see Chapter 2, for an introduction to basic matrix functions in Excel). It is the only way to keep the structure reasonably simple. The matrix C in cells A21 C31 is computed in the usual way, see equation (4.63) the parameters required to compute the concentration matrix are in cells Q4 S4, they include the initial concentration for species A and the two rate constants that are to be fitted. In cells E 16 018 the computation of the best absorptivity matrix A for any given concentration matrix C, is done as a matrix equation, as demonstrated in The Pseudo-Inverse in Excel (p.146). Similarly the matrix Ycaic in cells E21 031 is written as the matrix product CA. Even the calculation of the square sum of the residuals in cell R7 is written in a compact way, using the Excel function SUMXMY2, especially designed for this purpose. We refer to... 

Spreadsheet 2.2 and figure 2.7 give an example of 10 titration values. Notice how the ranking is done. The Excel function =RANK (x, range, direction) does not quite work, as ties are given the lower number, not the higher. If there are sufficient data to warrant automating this step, the cal-... 

Table 6.3. Values of the two-tailed Student s f distribution for 90%, 95%, and 99% confidence calculated using the Excel function...

The Excel function LINEST returns the slope and intercept and their uncertainties in a table (a matrix). As an example, enter x and y values in columns A and B. Then highlight the 3-row X 2-column region E3 F5 with your mouse. This block of cells is selected to contain the output of the LINEST function. Under the insert menu, select function. In the window... 

To find values of t that are not in Table 4-2, use the Excel function TINV. For 12 degrees of freedom and 95% confidence, the function TINV(0.05.12) returns f = 2.179. 

In Figure 19-5, we enter the wavelengths in column A just to keep track of information. We will not use these wavelengths for computation. Enter the products eh for pure X in column B and eh for pure Y in column C. The array in cells B5 C6 is the matrix K. The Excel function MINVERSE(B5 C6) gives the inverse matrix, K-1. The function MMULT(matrix 1, matrix 2) gives the product of two matrices (or a matrix and a vector). The concentration vector, C, is equal to K 1 A, which we get with the single statement... 

Chapter 2. Moreover, the observation of Nernstian response slopes indicates excellent functionality of UIC as an ion exchanger. The importance and advantages of UIC as an ion exchanger are described elsewhere [1,2]. 

We successfully applied an AChE inhibition assay to the detection of dichlorvos in durum wheat samples using a simplified extraction procedure. The total assay time, including the extraction step, was 30 min. Considering that several extractions and assay steps can be run simultaneously, the throughput for one operator is 12 determinations per hour. It is also important to stress that the choline oxidase biosensor used in this work showed an excellent functioning stability after 20 days from preparation, the blank measurement lost only 10% of the signal intensity. The method allowed the accurate analysis of dichlorvos in wheat samples at the MRL, 2 mg/kg, and below that value. The mean recovery was 75%, and neither false nor positive samples were detected. Finally, the portable electrochemical instrumentation combined with the simple extraction procedure was quite well suited for in situ analysis of dichlorvos in durum wheat. 

Platinum-catalysed intramolecular hydroamination of unactivated alkenes with secondary alkylamines has been reported. Thus, a number of y- and 5-aminoalkenes reacted in the presence of a catalytic 1 2 mixture of [PtCl2(H2C=CH2)]2 (2.5 mol%) and PPh3 in dioxane at 120 °C for 16 h to form the corresponding pyrrolidine derivatives in moderate to good yields. The reaction displayed excellent functional group compatibility and low moisture sensitivity.92... 

To use this table in an Excel spreadsheet, you enter three readings made by your trained observer and three made by the device. The mean error and its SD is calculated by using Excel functions. If the error is more than 5 mmHg, this device should not be used in this patient. 

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