Eurochemic

UOP (2008) UOP s MTO technology licensed to Eurochem for New Nigerian Petrochemicals plant focus on catalysis, Chem. Week, 4 February. 

L. Miller, Lecture at Eurochem. Conference on Organic Electrochemistry, Schloss Elnau, April 1974. 

Nitrate and Sodium Nitrite into Bitumen, Eurochemic Report IDL-67, Royal Military School, Brussels, Belgium, 1973. 

In the sixties hydrazine stabilized U(IV) solutions, electrochemically produced, successfully substituted the traditional corrosive and salt generating ferrous sulfamate C5) reducing agent for the U/Pu separation (e.g. Eurochemic in Mol, Karlsruhe Reprocessing Plant WAK). 

Dl. Detilleux, E., and S. Cao Recent Eurochemic Reprocessing Experiences, Proceedings of the International Conference on Constructive Uses of Atomic Energy, Washington, D.C., 1968, American Nuclear Society, 1969, p. 275. 

Salmon, L., et al. Tests on the CNEN Alpha Decontaminating Solvent for Final Uranium Product—Preliminary Control, Eurochemic, Mol, Belgium, IDL Report 47, Apr. 

The German/Eurochemic metal-matrix process PAMELA, ori ally developed for phosphate glass particles, is also suitable for borosilicate glass and for glass ceramic. It will provide a... 

Liquid-feed/ceramic melter (PAMELA 11) (FRG-DWK/ Eurochemic/KFK, Mol) Borosilicate glass or glass ceramic Monolithic cylinder Joule-heated ceramic Liquid Chemical or thermal... 

Figure 11.23 Eurochemic MLW bituminization flow sheet. Courtesy of Eurochemic.)...

British Nuclear Fuels, Ltd. KFK/GWK DKW Eurochemic Power Reactor and Nucl. Fuel Devel. Corp. 

The chopping is usually achieved with a shearing knife (cutter), but other techniques for removing or opening up the zircaloy (or stainless steel) cans have been tried. Previously, chemical decanning was used at some plants, e.g. Hanford and Eurochemic, but such techniques increase the amounts of active waste considerably. 

Packed columns were used in the first Windscale plant (Sellafield, UK). Pulsed columns were used at Hanford (USA), in the old Eurochemic plant at Mol (Belgium), and are currently in use in the newer La Hague and THORP plants. Mixer-settlers have be used at Savannah River (USA), in the Magnox plant at Sellafield (UK), and at La Hague (France). Centrifugal extractors have bear installed at Savannah River and at La Hague. 

Pi.shak, M. R., and Phillips. A, T. (1980). Glucoconienid stimulation of glutamine. synthetase production in cultured rat glioma cells. J. I eurochem. 34, 866-872,... 

H. Fisch in the Proceedings of Eurochem Conference, Toulouse, France, 2002. 

The Eurochemic reprocessing plant, erected by a consortium of 13 European member states of the OECD/NEA, was in active operation between 1966 and 1974. During these campaigns, 181.5 tons of natural and slightly enriched uranium fuels and 30.6 tons of highly enriched aluminum alloy fuels from material testing reactors were reprocessed. 

As a result of these activities, about 900 m- of liquid high level wastes (HLLW) were generated and stored. The main characteristics of these Low Enriched Waste Concentrates (LEWC) and High Enriched Waste Concentrates (HEWC) are summarized in Table 1. The vitrification of these wastes was a major objective of the Waste Management Programme of Eurochemic, to which it was committed in the frame of the transfer of the ownership to the Belgian State. 

The PAMELA vitrification plant at Belgoprocess was designed and licensed for processing the LEWC fraction of the HLLW from Eurochemic. The decision also to vitrify the HEWC fraction in PAMELA was taken in 1986 and an additional nuclear license thereto was granted. These were the reference conditions for the operation of the PAMELA plant. 

Note that criticality is not specifically addressed in this reference safety assessment. On one hand, this is due to the low plutonium (Pu) concentrations in the HLLW, the resulting waste feed stream and all downstream liquid, gaseous, and solid waste streams, as is explained in section 4. On the other hand, the total Pu mass in the facility and in particular in the largest equipment components (e.g., the waste feed tank and the melter) is far below the level of any criticality concern. Also recall that the HLLW storage tanks are part of the former Eurochemic reprocessing plant and that these tanks have been considered in the safety analysis of the storage of the HLLW. 

Leakage risk in the ceramic melter Annex 1. Efficiency of the Off-Gas Treatment Annex 2. Calculation of Radiation Exposure due to the Emission of Radionuclides from the PAMELA Plant via the EUROCHEMIC Stack to the Atmosphere... 

The actual operating experience with vitrification at industrial levels in Western-Europe is associated with the reprocessing of commercial spent fuel. In the case of HLLW from Eurochemic, the concentrations of fissile materials in the waste and the glass product are listed in Table 3. For Pu, they are on the order of 0.01 to 0.1 g/1 for the waste feed and 0.01 to 0.1 g/kg for the glass product. These concentrations of Pu are comparable with those of the COGEMA glass product specifications. 

When considering the vitrification of HLLW with higher Pu concentrations, a number of detailed investigations are required to confirm the validity of this option. From the viewpoint of the operator with the available knowhow of the Eurochemic reprocessing plant, these investigations especially relate to a criticality study of the total vitrification plant and to the glass composition and glass product quality. 

Claes, J. and Meyers, H. (1989) The Radioactive Waste Management Programme associated with the Decommissioning of the former Eurochemic Reprocessing Plant, International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management, Kyoto (Japan), October 1989. 

D. Pearson and N. McPhater, Chem. Eng. Hostile World Conf. Paper. Eurochem. Conf. No. 

J. M. Fletcher, in "Aqueous Reprocessing Chemistry," Symposium at Brussels, Belgium, 1963, Eurochemic. 

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