Eucalyptus camphors

In comparing the results of Ae two sets of experiments, it will be seen that red thyme was 41% less effective against LBAM than white thyme and in controlling Flour Beetle there was, in comparison, a 65% difference between the two botanical cultivars. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the essential oils drops off rapidly so that only eucalyptus, camphor, and white thyme may be considered as useful canidates. Oddly, black pepper was inactive in these assays, while in earlier work certain components of this commodity have been shown to have strong insecticidal properties. The earliest report being in 1943 (12), which was followed not only by later reports of insecticidal... 

Eudesmol, which has been also named eucalyptus camphor, was first isolated from the oil of Eucalyptus piperita by H. G. Smith, who found it to be a crystalline body melting at 79 to 80, and having the formula Cxo xsO, and being, in all probability, an oxide. Semmler and Mayer, however, consider it to be a bii clic sesquiterpene alcohol, and this has since been confirmed by Semmler and Tobias, who give the following as its characters —... 

Some of the other eucalyptus oils of commercial importance iaclude the Chinese eucalyptus, a camphor/ciaeole-type oil E. citriodora Hook, a citroaeUal-type oil E. staigeriana F.v. Muel., a citral-type oil and E. macarthuri H. Deane Maiden, a geranyl acetate-type oil. 

Frothers are chemicals whose molecules contain both a polar and a nonpolar group. The purpose of a froth is to carry mineral-laden bubbles lor a period of lime until the froth can be removed from the flotation machine for recovery of ils mineral content. Typical frothing chemicals are alcohols, cresylic acids, eucalyptus oils, camphor oils, and pine oils, all of which are slightly soluble in water. Soluble frolhers in common use include alkyl ethers and phenyl ethers of propylene and polypropylene glycols. 

The odor of a freshly crushed mint leaf, like many plant odors, is due to the presence in the plant of volatile C10 and Ci5 compounds, which are called terpenes. Isolation of these substances from the various parts of plants, even from the wood in some cases, by steam distillation or ether extraction gives what are known as essential oils. These are widely used in perfumery, as food flavorings and medicines, and as solvents. Among the typical essential oils are those obtained from cloves, roses, lavender, citronella, eucalyptus, peppermint, camphor, sandalwood, cedar, and turpentine. Such substances are of interest to us here because, as was pointed out by Wallach in 1887 and reemphasized by Ruzicka in 1935, the components of the essential oils can be regarded as derived from isoprene ... 

Ci3 Norisoprenoids Vitispirane I 177,192 Camphor, eucalyptus, spice, wood 800... 

There are a number of allelochemicals among the mono-, sesqui-, and diterpenoids. In particular, plants in arid and semiarid regions produce diverse volatile terpenoids with allelopathic activity.5 Among the volatile monoterpenes, 1,8-cineole (4) and camphor (5) exhibit strong growth inhibitory effects on plants and are considered to be involved in plant competition. 1,4-Cineole (6), a minor isomer of 1,8-cineole, is a potent inhibitor of asparagine synthetase.6 -Menthane-3,8-diols (fir 7 and frw .r8), -menth-2-en-l-ols (cis 9 and trans 10), thymol (11), carvacrol (12), 1,8-cineole, cr-pinene (13), and /3-pinene (14) were isolated as allelopathic monoterpenes from Eucalyptus species.7 Eucalyptus trees also produce allelopathic sesquiterpenes including spathulenol (15), and a-, (3-, and 7-eudesmols (16-18).7... 

Bornane monoterpenes are exemplified by camphene (2,2-dimethyl-3-methylene-bicyclo[2,2,1]heptane), a structure in which two fused cyclopentane rings share three Cs. We can simply represent the camphene skeleton as a cyclohexane with a methylene (—CH2—) cross-link (G6(-CH2—)). The keto derivative camphor (camphor smell), the ether eucalyptol (eucalyptus smell) and the simple bornene a-pinene (pine smell) are familiar examples. 

Piperitone Mentha spp. (Lamiaceae), Eucalyptus dives OD-R (camphor- ... 

Cymene is found in thyme oil, eucalyptus oil, and Roman cummin oil. It is also obtained by heating camphor with phosphorus pentoxide and from turpentine by reduction with iodine. 

Citral is an example of a very large group of natural products called terpenes. They are responsible for the characteristic odors of plants such as eucalyptus, pine, mint, peppermint, and lemon. The odors of camphor, menthol, lavender, rose, and hundreds of other fragrances are due to terpenes, which have ten carbon atoms with double bonds, and aldehyde, ketone, or alcohol functional groups. (See Fig. 2.)... 

Commercially available common cold preparations may contain Menthol, Camphor, Turpentine, Clove oil. Thymol, Eucalyptus oil, yellow soft paraffin oil, and that essential oils that evaporate at the tempera-tme of the human body. When the ointment is rubbed on the skin, a local stimulation of the peripheral blood vessels is obtained,... 

All the materials tested were effective with the exception of boronia (Figure 4). Eucalyptus induced a 93% mortality, while cypress gave 90%, camphor 83% (Figure 2[10]), spearmint 78%, white thyme 75%, pheasant grass 50%, sassafras 50%, anethole (Figure 2[11]) 35%, red thyme 34%, and aniseed 28% (P < 0.05). It is interesting to note the disparity between white thyme and red thyme which indicates that either there is a significant increase in one bioactive compound in one cultivar versus the other, or that a specific ratio of compounds in the mixture is more effective than another. 

Camphor, eucalyptus oil, and menthol ointment contains camphor 5.2%, eucalpytus oil 1.2%, and menthol 2.8%. Inactive ingredients are carbomer 954, cedar leaf oil, cetyl alcohol, cetyl palmitate, cyclomethicone copolyol, dimethicone copolyol, dimethicone, ethylene diamine... 

Cymene, C6H4(CH3)(iso-C3H7)(l, 4), is para-methyliso-propylbenzene. It is a constituent of a number of essential oils, such as oil of caraway, oil of lemon, oil of thyme, and oil of eucalyptus. It can be prepared by Fittig s synthesis from p-bromoisopropylbenzene. It is most readily prepared by warming camphor with phosphorus pentoxide —... 

Patents exist for the use of carvone and eugenol as skin penetration enhancers (Leonard et al., 1989a, 1989b). Camphor and eucalyptus oil as a vehicle containing... 

C,oH,gO, Mr 154.25, colorless oils with camphor-like odor, bicyclic monoterpene epoxides. 1,4-C., bp. 173-174 °C 1,8-C.,bp. 176-177 °C. 1,4-C. occurs in the essential oil of Fructus Cubebae [a drug obtained from fully grown but unripe fruits of the Indonesian endemic plant Piper cubeba (Piperaceae)] and 1,8-C. occurs to 40-60% in eucalyptus oils (Eucalyptus globulus, Myrtaceae). C. are used as expectorant for bronchial catarrh and as aroma substances in the perfume industry. 

Cineole-rich eucalyptus oil A readily mobile, almost colorless to light yellow oil with a characteristic fresh, camphor-like odor and a content of80- 85% 1,8-cineole. 

Spanish sage oil Light, yellowish oil with a fresh, camphor-like odor resembling Eucalyptus. Production By steam distillation from the herbage of the Spanish sage. Salvia lavandulifolia. 

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